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2 2023

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Treatment Ability and Community Responses of Candung as an Appropriate Technology to Maintain Irrigation Water Quality

Sumantra I. Ketut, Widnyana I. Ketut, Wijaya I. Made Wahyu, Bouchama Khaled

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 6

348--365

With the burgeoning population, the community activities, such as laundering, washing, or even bathing, have expanded along the irrigation canal. Consequently, some chemicals from those activities are released and pollute the water body. Besides, the discharge of wastewater into the irrigation system is also an issue of public health concern, because it creates an environment conducive to the reproduction of any pathogenic agent. Using candung as constructed wetlands (CW)-like to treat the irrigation water in rice paddies would be an interesting tool for removing pollutants from the irrigation water. Candung, as a locally used CW in Bali Island, has been applied in the rice field long time ago. The present study aimed to examine candung as a local attached CW or treating irrigation water and analyse the community awareness regarding the candung application. The result showed a positive effect of candung in maintaining the water quality parameters, such as TSS, BOD, COD, and nutrients with certain aquatic plants (Nelumbo nucifera, Nymphaea tetragona, and Pistia stratiotes). The knowledge, behaviour, and action of the local subak community were still limited, whereas they had positive perceptions and responses about candungthe potential of candung as an agrotourism attraction in the village as well.

Study on the removal efficiency of antibiotics in coastal wetlands by Suaeda and Nelumbo nucifera

Ma Junwen, Cui Yubo, Kuang Peijing, Ma Chengdong, Zhang Mingyue, Chen Zhaobo, Zhao Ke

Archives of Environmental Protection

2023

Vol. 49, no 2

59--65

This study mainly focused on the current situation of antibiotic pollution in coastal wetlands by screening for four common antibiotics (norfloxacin – NOR, ofloxacin – OFL, azithromycin – AZM, and roxithromycin – RXM) and two coastal wetland plants (Suaeda and Nelumbo nucifera), to determine the removal of antibiotic pollution by phytoremediation technology and its mechanism. We aimed to provide ideas for the remediation of antibiotics in coastal wetlands and their mechanisms of action in the context of intensive farming. The results showed that both plants had remediation effects on all four antibiotics, the phytoremediation of NOR and OFL was particularly significant, and the remediation effect of N. nucifera was better than that of Suaeda . The removal rates of the four antibiotics by Suaeda and N. nucifera at low antibiotic concentrations (10–25 μg/L) reached 48.9–100% and 77.3–100%, respectively. The removal rates of the four antibiotics at high antibiotic concentrations (50–200 μg/L) reached 7.5–73.2% and 22–84.6%, respectively. Moreover, AZM was only detected in trace amounts in the roots of N. nucifera, and RXM was not detected in either plant body.