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Towards a nature-culture relationship in historic centres. Evidence of public spaces beyond tourism in Florence (Italy)

del Bianco Corinna

Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

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2023

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Nr 16

21--34

EN

Historic centres globally are facing issues they have never encountered before, such as climate change and, for some, mass tourism. Over time, the relationship between nature and culture is one of conflict, with nature seen as a threat to the conservation of tangible heritage; at the same time, tourism has upset the reality of historic centres, compromising their fruition for both residents and tourists. In this context of great changes, the public space role of historic centres has been overturned. These public spaces, conceived as a set of elements that make up the urban scene and represent the identity of a community, have already changed significantly; on the one hand, they must respond to the needs of users who are mainly tourists and who arrive in larger numbers than originally envisaged, while on the other hand, they are experiencing the effects of climate change, with rising temperatures, heat islands, variations in the distribution and consistency of rainfall, and other site-specific issues. Historic centres and culture can contribute to sustainable development goals, and conservation plays an important role in creating projects in synergistic relationships with the natural environment. Following an overview of the themes and current literature on tourism in historic centres and on experiences with nature-based solutions applied to conservation, this paper reports two positive instances of conservation and the regeneration of public space in the UNESCO Historic Centre of Florence, which were aimed at responding to the critical issues of the area and to enhancing its historic urban landscape.

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Recognition of the vibriosis risk in Polish coastal waters of the Baltic Sea and public engagement in its mitigation

Rakowski Marcin, Mytlewski Adam, Piwowarczyk Joanna

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 59

291--297

EN

The surface water temperature in the Baltic Sea has been growing as a consequence of broader changes of the Earth’s climate, which contributes to the proliferation of natural bacterioplankton and new types of bacteria, such as Vibrio vulnificus, in the region. This pathogenic bacterium finds optimal conditions for growth primarily in warm brackish waters. Places particularly vulnerable to these bacteria include shallow Baltic coastal waters where the proliferation of Vibrio strains increases in summer. The growing temperature of coastal waters boost this phenomenon, posing a serious threat to human health and the coastal Baltic tourism. The BaltVib project implemented by marine microbiologists investigates the impact of the so-called “system engineers”, e.g. mussels, macroalgae, and seagrass, on the diversity and abundance of vibriosis. The research should help to develop strategies to mitigate the problem of excessive populations of vibriosis through nature-based solutions. In addition to environmental and health issues, public awareness of the phenomena and future threats are equally important and these are also addressed in the project. The article presents results of a survey conducted on the Polish coast involving 140 respondents interviewed concerning their awareness of the increasing population of pathogenic vibriosis. The survey helped to diagnose how local residents perceive the threat to human health posed by Vibrio vulnificus now and in the future, as well as possible impacts these bacteria might have on economic use of the coastal waters. The survey also investigated the level of acceptance for various methods used to mitigate negative environmental changes.

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Sekwencyjne systemy sedymentacyjno-biofiltracyjne dla poprawy jakości wód powierzchniowych

Jarosiewicz Paweł, Izydorczyk Katarzyna, Chamerska Aleksandra, Frątczak Wojciech, Jurczak Tomasz, Zalewski Maciej

Gospodarka Wodna

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2023

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Nr 10

20--23

PL

Wyniki Państwowego Monitoringu Środowiska jednoznacznie wskazują na złą jakość wód w Polsce, czego negatywne skutki są obserwowane z coraz większą intensywnością. Pomimo rosnących wysiłków, związanych zarówno z monitoringiem, jak i prewencją, nadal efekty tych działań nie są w pełni widoczne. Stąd coraz częściej wskazuje się na konieczność działania systemowego, wprowadzającego nowe podejście do zarządzania zasobami wodnymi. Zgodnie z założeniami ekohydrologii, nowa strategia powinna obejmować gospodarowanie wodami w skali zlewni i wykorzystywać naturalne procesy zachodzące w środowisku. Przykładem takich działań są rozwiązania bliskie naturze, które mogą skutecznie ograniczać negatywny wpływ człowieka na środowisko wodne. Niewątpliwie ważnym krokiem w rozwoju tych metod było opracowanie i wdrożenie sekwencyjnego systemu sedymentacyjno-biofiltracyjnego. Ponad 20 lat doświadczeń w projektowaniu i wdrażaniu tych systemów pozwala na zaprezentowanie zagadnienia oraz przedstawienie rekomendacji. Wykorzystanie naturalnych rozwiązań powinno stać się priorytetem w ograniczaniu presji wywieranej przez człowieka na środowisko wodne.

EN

The State Environmental Monitoring results unequivocally indicate that the quality of water in Poland is low and its consequences are recorded with a growing intensity. Despite growing efforts related both to monitoring and prevention, the effects of these actions are not fully visible. Hence the necessity of a systemic action, introducing a new approach to water resources management. According to the ecohydrology assumptions, such new strategy should include water management on the river basin scale and use natural processes taking place in the environment. An example of such actions are Nature-Based Solutions that may efficiently mitigate the negative human impact on the water environment. An important step in development of these methods was undoubtedly elaboration and implementation of the Sequentional Sedimentation-Biofiltration System. Over 20 years of experience in design and implementation of these systems constitutes the basis for presentation of these solutions and issuing recommendations. The use of natural solutions should became a priority in mitigating the anthropopressure in the water environment.

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Ekohydrologiczne podejście do zarządzania zasobami wodnymi zlewni Pilicy

Izydorczyk Katarzyna, Frątczak Wojciech, Biernacki Mariusz, Zalewski Maciej

Gospodarka Wodna

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2023

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Nr 10

8--10

PL

To, co wyróżnia projekt zintegrowany LIFE Pilica w grupie wodnych projektów zintegrowanych, to ekohydrologiczne podejście do zarządzania wodami opracowane w latach dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. przez Profesora Macieja Zalewskiego. Główne założenie, że świadoma regulacja procesów biologicznych pozwala na wykorzystanie ekosystemów jako narzędzi do zarządzania zasobami naturalnymi, w tym poprawy ilości i jakości wód, wpisuje się w aktualny światowy nurt polityki Komisji Europejskiej promującej rozwiązania oparte na przyrodzie (ang. nature-based solutions, NBS).

EN

An element distinguishing the integrated LIFE Pilica projects among other integrated water projects is the ecohydrological approach to water management elaborated in the nineties of the 20th century by Professor Maciej Zalewski. The main assumption that the deliberate regulation of biological processes allows for the use ofecosystems as tools to manage natural resources, including improvement of the quantity and quality of water, is consistent with the current global European Commission's policy trend promoting nature-based solutions (NBS).