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1
Content available remote Low Sea Level Occurrence of the Southern Baltic Sea Coast
PL
The level of 440 cm is defined as the upper limit of low sea level. This value is also accepted as the warning level for navigation, according to the NAVTEX. The low sea levels along the southern Baltic Sea coast were analyzed in the years 1955 – 2005. Lowest values recorded ranged from 309 cm in Wismar to 370 cm in Kołobrzeg. The phenomenon was chiefly generated by hurricane like offshore winds. Extremely low levels were not frequent, their occurrence did not exceed more than 0,3% in Świnoujście and not more than 1% in Warnemünde. In summer months these phenomena occurred extremely seldom, they were more fre-quent in the western, than in the eastern part of the coast. Long-term variation and statistical analysis was pre-sented. Probability of low sea levels occurrence was calculated by Gumbel method and percentile distribution for 4 gauge stations was analyzed. The calculations revealed that, for instance, in Warnemünde once in 20 years the minimum sea level can be as low as 358 cm.
PL
Zaprezentowano urządzenia techniczne instalowane na mostkach statków, które wspomagają oficera wachtowego w podejmowaniu decyzji w sytuacjach kolizyjnych. Wskazano zalety jak i ograniczenia tych urządzeń. Przedstawiono wymagania zawarte w Międzynarodowych Przepisach o Zapobieganiu Zderzeniom na morzu w zakresie korzystania z omówionych urządzeń.
EN
Paper presents technical equipment installed in ships bridges which supports watchkeeping officer in the decision of this equipment. Article shows also COLREGs requirements connected with usage of this instruments.
3
EN
In paper the functional requirements and the radiocommunication services of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) in respect of the E- Navigation has been described. Some aspects of the improvement of GMDSS equipment and the utilization of the improved GMDSS as a data communication network for E-Navigation has been presented. The items relating to technical improvement of the GMDSS which should be considered as one of the discussion on the strategy plan of E-Navigation was given.
EN
The study assesses the accuracy of 24-hour weather forecasts on the Klaipeda (Lithuania) - Bayonne (France) navigational route emitted in NAVTEX system. There were analysed the parts of the forecasts concerning wind direction and force, visibility and precipitation. The verification was based on the real state of these factors, stated the next day on areas concerned. A high degree of forecast accuracy was stated in all five broadcasting stations of the NAVTEX system, particularly with reference to visibility and precipitation.
PL
Przedstawiono konieczność rozszerzenia funkcji Światowego Morskiego Systemu Łączności Alarmowej i Bezpieczeństwa - GMDSS o możliwość wczesnego ostrzegania o pojawieniu się zagrożenia tsunami. Po ogólnym scharakteryzowaniu systemu GMDSS - jego struktury, realizowanych funkcji oraz podsystemów składowych - bardziej szczegółowo opisano podsystemy NAVTEX oraz WWNWS. Te właśnie składowe były wskazane podczas obrad IX Sesji Podkomitetu IMO - COMSAR w Londynie, jako możliwe do wykorzystania przy wysyłaniu ostrzeżeń dotyczących wczesnego zawiadamiania o grożącym niebezpieczeństwie pojawienia się tsunami.
EN
The need for the possible development of functions of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System - GMDSS for dissemination of tsunami warnings was presented in the article. Following the overview of GMDSS system - its structure, existing functions and sub-systems' components, the NAVTEX and WWNWS sub-systems were described in details. Theses components pointed out during the 9th meeting of the IMO Sub-Committee on Radiocommunications and Search and Rescue (COMSAR) in London could be possibly used for early dissemination of an imminent threat of tsunami disasters.
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