Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Biochar and Biochar with N Fertilizer Impact on Soil Physical Properties in a Silty Loam Haplic Luvisol

Horák Ján, Šimanský Vladimír, Igaz Dušan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 20, nr 7

31--38

EN

Recently, a lot of studies focused on the effects of biochar application to agricultural soils and its influence on the soil properties. However, only limited information is available on the simultaneous impact of N-fertilizer combined with biochar to soil physical propersies such as: soil moisture, soil temperature, bulk density and waterfilled pore space. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the soil physical properties of a silty loam Haplic Luvisol affected by the biochar application and its combination with N fertilizer during the years 2014–2016 (Experimental site of SUA-Nitra, Dolná Malanta, Slovakia). The field experiment was carried out in 2014 with different biochar application doses (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1) and different rate of N fertilization (0, 1st and 2nd level of N fertilization). The results showed that the both biochar amendment and biochar with N fertilizer increased the soil moisture in the range of 1 to 15%, on average. The higher rate of biochar resulted in higher soil moisture in all treatments with biochar in the following order B0 (14.9) < B10 (15.1) < B20 (16.2) as well as in biochar in combination with N fertilization: B0N1 (14.6) < B10N1 (15.7) < B20N1 (16.2) as well as B0N2 (14.8) < B10N2 (15.8) < B20N2 (16.0) during the years of 2014–2016. A positive trend of water-filled pore space increase by the time in all studied treatments was observed. No significant changes in the average soil temperature were observed between the biochar and biochar with N fertilization treatments during the growing seasons of individual years. The higher rate of biochar resulted in lower soil bulk density in all treatments with biochar in combination with N fertilization in the following order: B0N1 (1.49) > B10N1 (1.47) > B20N1 (1.44) as well as B0N2 (1.51) > B10N2 (1.47) > B20N2 (1.39) during years the studied period (2014–2016).

2

How Does Biochar and Biochar With Nitrogen Fertilization Influence Soil Reaction?

Šimanský V., Klimaj A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2017

|

Vol. 18, nr 5

50--54

EN

Biochar usually has a neutralizing effect, therefore, it is recommended for application to acid soils due to its potential to increase soil pH. The aims of this study were (1.) to quantify the role of different rates of biochar and biochar in combination with N fertilization on change of soil pH, and (2.) to evaluate the dynamic changes of soil pH in relation with doses of biochar and biochar with N fertilization. A field experiment was conducted with different biochar application rates: B0 control (0 t ha-1), B10 (10 t ha-1) and B20 (20 t ha-1) and 0, 40 and 80 kg N ha–1 of nitrogen fertilizer (N0, N40, N80) on silt loam Haplic Luvisol at the locality of Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2014. Their effects were investigated after vegetation season of spring barley and spring wheat (once a month: from April to July) in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the soil pHH2O in B0N0, B10N0, B20N0, B10N40, B20N40, B10N80 and B20N80 were 6.23, 6.45, 6.60, 6.77, 6.48, 6.36 and 6.60, respectively. The results of LSD test showed statistically significant differences between soil pH in control treatment and treatments with biochar and biochar with N fertilization. The most significant effect on increase of soil pH was observed in B10N40. During whole period, after application of biochar and biochar with N fertilization the values of pHKCl were gradually decreased in all treatments.

3

Follow-up Effect of Hilling on Growth and Yielding of Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu.)

Kozak M., Malarz W., Kotecki A., Helios W., Góra J.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

|

2011

|

Vol. 18, nr 12

1599-1614

EN

In 2005–2007 in Pawlowice near Wroclaw, Poland, field experiments were conducted on the follow-up effect of hilling of Miscanthus in autumn after seeding. The split-plot experiment was set for the following three variable factors: I. Harvest date: a – autumn harvest after the vegetation period ends (11.07.2005, 14.12.2006; b – winter harvest before the vegetation starts (10.03.2006, 09.03.2007); II. Autumn treatment of rhizomes after seeding: a – with hilling; b – without hilling; III. N fertilization: 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha–1. In the first years after the experiment had been set up, the morphological features, dry matter yield, water and ash contents were related to the age of the plantation. Among the investigated factors, harvest dates had the most significant influence on yielding. Winter harvest resulted in a lower by 18.4 % dry matter yield and a decrease in water content in green matter by 23.8 % and in ash content by 43 %. However, it increased energy value in green matter by 52 %. In the second and the third year of the cultivation, out of 1 ha field of Miscanthus, it is possible to obtain biomass yield with a mean energy value of 294 GJ, which corresponds to 7.03 toe. It is possible to obtain high dry matter yields of Miscanthus with autumn hilling and applying 150 kg N ha–1.

PL

W latach 2005-2007 w Pawłowicach koło Wrocławia prowadzono badania polowe nad następczym wpływem obredlania miskanta olbrzymiego jesienią, po posadzeniu. Doświadczenie założono w układzie "split-plot" na trzy czynniki zmienne, którymi w kolejności były: I. Terminy zbioru: a - jesienny po zahamowaniu wegetacji - 11.07.2005 r., 14.12.2006 r., b - zimowy przed ruszeniem wegetacji - 10.03.2006 r., 09.03.2007 r., II. Jesienna pielęgnacja kłączy po posadzeniu a - z obredlaniem, b - bez obredlania, III. Nawożenie w kg N ha-1: 100, 150 i 200. W początkowych latach po założeniu doświadczenia z miskantem olbrzymim cechy morfologiczne, plon suchej masy, zawartość wody i popiołu zależały od wieku plantacji. Spośród badanych czynników agrotechnicznych największy wpływ na poziom plonu i jego jakość miał termin zbioru. Zimowy zbiór, w porównaniu z jesiennym, spowodował zmniejszenie: plonu suchej masy o 18,4 %, zawartości wody w świeżej masie o 23,8 % i popiołu surowego 43 % oraz wzrost wartości energetycznej świeżej masy o 52 %. Z 1 ha uprawy miskanta olbrzymiego w drugim i trzecim roku uprawy można uzyskać plon biomasy o średniej wartości energetycznej 294 GJ, co odpowiada 7,03 tyś. Duże plony suchej masy miskanta olbrzymiego można uzyskać przy jesiennym obredlaniu plantacji i zastosowaniu 150 kg N ha-1.