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Foliar Application of Moringa Leaf Extracts Affects Growth, Yield and Mineral Composition of Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) under Greenhouse Conditions

Mehdawe Arwa, Mahadeen Atif, Al-Ramamneh Ezz Al-Dein

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

329--337

EN

The higher cost and increased pollution caused by the intensive use of fertilizers in growing vegetables necessitates the use of safer organic bio-stimulants to partially substitute fertilizers. Analyses of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera and Moringa peregrina in the present study confirmed their rich content of diverse compounds and elements and indicated that except for Mg and Ca, M. oleifera outyielded M. peregrina for the measured elements and bio-constituents. Foliar spray of leaf extracts of M. oleifera and M. peregrina at (1:10, 1:20, 1:30 extract: distilled water) was attempted on pepper plants under greenhouse conditions every two weeks for five times starting 30 days after transplanting date. Enhanced vegetative growth parameters (plant height, number of branches and leaves, plant fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and leaf chlorophyll-content) and better yield attributes (Fruit yield·plant-1 and hectare-1) were obtained by foliar spraying of plants with the concentrated extract 1:10 of moringa species. The vegetative growth of pepper plants was significantly influenced by extract concentration, moringa type·concentration, but not for moringa type (P≤0.05). However, moringa type, extract concentration and their interactions significantly affected pepper fruit-yield·plant-1, pepper fruit-yield·ha-1 and mineral content of pepper leaves (P≤0.05). Irrespective of moringa type, the highest extract concentration 1:10 resulted in the highest yield ·plant-1 (1.68 kg) and yield·hectare-1 (16.88 ton) of peppers. The present study highlighted the potential of using extracts of moringa trees in organic farming.

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Antioxidant properties of Moringa oleifera and Withania somnifera extracts and their use in cosmetics for men

Jezierska Adrianna, Sykuła Anna

Biotechnology and Food Science

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2023

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Vol. 85, nr 1

34--42

EN

Nowadays, men are paying more and more attention to their appearance, and thus try to provide their skin with proper care so that it looks healthy and without signs of aging. In the present study, ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and moringa oleifera (Moringa oleifera) were selected from the most popular adaptogens used in cosmetics, which are currently not commonly used in cosmetic preparations for men. The selected adaptogens were compared for their phytochemical and antioxidant properties to determine their skin care effects in cosmetics. The phytochemical content was evaluated through the determination of total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS{2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)} free radical scavenging tests. The total phenolic contents 1.81±0.13 and 0.14±0.02 mg GAE/g extract were found to be present in Moringa oleifera and Withania somnifera glycol-water extracts, respectively. Among the two chosen extracts, Moringa oleifera exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity, ABTS (0.964 ± 0.021 mg TE/g extract) and DPPH (0.822 ± 0.004 mg TE/g extract). It can be concluded that Moringa oleifera extract has strong antioxidant properties than Withania somnifera extract.

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Inﬂuence of extraction technique on yield and antioxidant activity of extracts from Moringa oleifera leaf

Dzięcioł Małgorzata

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2020

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Vol. 22, nr 4

31--35

EN

The article presents research on the exploring of extraction process of biologically active substances from the leaves of the Moringa oleifera tree using ethanol. Ethanolic extracts were obtained using three different techniques: maceration with shaking, ultrasound-assisted extraction and extraction in Soxhlet apparatus, in different time variants: 1, 2 and 4-hours. After solvent evaporating and drying, the yields of dry extracts obtained in particular processes were calculated. The antioxidant activity of extracts was analyzed spectrophotometrically using DPPH radical scavenging method, and total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. By means of gas chromatography with mass selective detector (GC-MS), 11 biologically active compounds present in ethanolic extracts were identiﬁed, among which α-tocopherol had the greatest share. Based on the results, the inﬂuence of the extraction technique and time on the yield and antioxidant activity of M. oleifera leaf extracts were discussed.

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Clarification of Pharmaceutical Wastewater with Moringa Oleifera: Optimization Through Response Surface Methodology

Eri I. R., Hadi W., Slamet A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 19, nr 3

126--134

EN

Herbal pharmaceutical industrial wastewater contains a high amount of suspended solids and alkaline (pH > 8); therefore it requires approprite coagulant and flocculant compounds for its wastewater treatment. The most widely used flocculant is a synthetic that has certain problems such as non-biodegradability and releases of toxic residual monomers. The use of eco-friendly flocculants as alternative materials for conventional flocculant in water and wastewater treatments is increasing. Numerous factors influence the performance of coagulation-flocculation process, such as coagulant dosage, flocculant dosage, initial potential of hydrogen (pH) and velocity gradient of coagulation-flocculation. The main aim of this research is to evaluate the capability and effectiveness of Moringa oleifera extract for removal of suspended solid in herbal pharmaceutical industry. A coagulation-flocculation test was done by performing jar test at various speeds, according to the variation of the conducted treatment research. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to optimize the concentration of coagulant dosage, flocculant dosage and flocculation velocity gradient (G), and the results were measured as maximum percentage of suspended solid removal. The wastewater used in this research originally came from the inlet of herbal pharmaceutical industry wastewater treatment plant, which was collected over 3 days. The wastewater has a total suspended solids of more than 1250 mg/L, and was alkaline (pH 9–10). The moringa extract was made from the extraction of a fat free moringa powder with a salt solution in a certain ratio. The percentage removal of suspended solid was 93.42–99.54%. The final results of the analysis of response surface showed that the variables of flocculant dosage and the flocculation velocity gradient (G) have a huge impact on the amount of suspended solid removal, compared with the coagulant dosage. The model generated from the response analysis is a quadratic model. The optimum point of the removal suspended solid quadratic model is at 10.6566 mg/L alum dosage, 13.8185 ml/L Moringa oleifera extract dosage, and G velocity of flocculation 84.845 sec-1.