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Research study and the model for improving the safety of navigation when using the AIS

Medić D., Bukljaš M., Bošnjak R., Vukša S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 3

577--582

EN

The use of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) devices for ensuring the safety of navigation and the errors occurring when using AIS equipment have been the focus of a number of research studies. The users of AIS equipment installed onboard sea-going vessels are required to familiar with the proper use of the devices and potential errors that may occur. A significant problem revealed in this study is the lack of understanding of potential error sources and the necessity to eliminate such errors prior to transmission of the AIS data message reading of the errors and failure to update the data processed by the AIS system. This results in a hypothesis on the insufficient training of seafarers and their familiarisation with the AIS devices and errors. This research is aimed at increasing the safety of navigation in the Adriatic Sea, as well as other seas, i.e. better accident prevention and protection of human life and material property at sea. The results produced by the research are used as an input for creating a model for enhancing the safety of navigation when using the AIS, through additional training of the seafarers.

2

Maritime Safety – Stakeholders in Information Exchange Process

Wołejsza P., Thombre S., Guinness R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 1

143--148

EN

This paper presents the methodology and research results on identification of potential users of the ESABALT system, which is targeted towards improving the situational awareness in the Baltic Sea region. We describe the technique of analysing the stakeholders involved in maritime sector processes, especially in maritime transport processes, while also taking into account their different classification criteria. The resulting list of stakeholders is used to identify system users and their classification into user profiles groups. This study will form the basis for the identification of user requirements of the ESABALT system.

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ESABALT Improvement of Situational Awareness in the Baltic with the Use of Crowdsourcing

Thombre S., Guinness R., Chen L., Ruotsalainen P., Kuusniemi H., Uriasz J., Pietrzykowski Z., Laukkanen J., Ghawi P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 2

183--189

EN

This paper presents the key assumptions and preliminary research on an integrated system called ESABALT, for enhancing maritime safety, which incorporates the latest technological advances in positioning, e-Navigation, Earth observation systems and multi-channel cooperative communications. The most novel part of the ESABALT concept, however, is a focus on user-driven crowdsourcing techniques for information gathering and integration. The system will consist of a situational awareness solution for real-time maritime traffic monitoring via utilizing various positioning technologies; an observation system of the marine environment relevant to transportation and accidents including assessing the sea ice, oil spread, waves, wind etc.; and a methodology for context-aware maritime communication with cooperative, multi-channel capabilities. The paper presents the intelligent, novel, user-driven solution and associated services developed in ESABALT for enhancing the maritime safety in the whole Baltic area.

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Analysis and Identification of Requirements for a System to Enhance Situational Awareness at Sea

Banaś P., Thombre S., Guinness R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 2

179--182

EN

This paper presents the research results of identifying and analyzing key requirements for the ESABALT system based on pre-defined user profile groups. These requirements have been identified through multiple sources, which include an electronic survey of potential users of the system, interviews with specialists in navigation, law and computer science, analysis of state-of-the-art in maritime safety procedures, and study of past R&D projects in this field. Finally, these requirements are classified into user level, domain level and system level requirements for easy interpretation while designing the system architecture and its function-al specifications. The presented system specification is discussed.

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The effectiveness of maritime safety policy instruments from the Finnish maritime experts’ point of view – case Gulf of Finland and prevention of an oil accident

Lappalainen J., Storgård J., Tapaninen U.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 3

353--362

EN

Sea accidents are aimed to be prevented with an extensive amount of maritime safety regulation. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a questionnaire study that was targeted at Finnish maritime experts and addressed the question: how to prevent an oil accident in the Gulf of Finland. This study also includes a literature study about the problems of the current maritime safety regime. The findings of the questionnaire study are compared to the findings of the literature study. The questionnaire study showed that many kinds of policies have improved maritime safety, and they are needed to ensure maritime safety. For instance, ship construction, fairway maintenance, nautical charts and rules of the road at sea can be considered the cornerstones of maritime safety. However, the results ranked voluntary activities of companies as the most effective way to improve maritime safety in the future. Self-regulative approaches could solve some problems connected to more traditional policy-making.

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Maritime Safety and Security Challenges – 3D Simulation Based Training

Felsenstein C., Benedict K., Baldauf M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 3

327--336

EN

Maritime Safety and Security on board ships very much depends on well trained crews. That is why training and exercising emergency response procedures as well as efficiency in reliable management are extremely necessary. On the other hand research as well as technological development in safety and security, tools and other kinds of technical and organizational systems contribute to further improvement and guarantee high levels of safety and security in maritime transportation. Simulation facilities are essential for both exercising and training but also for research and technological development. This paper introduces the innovative concept of a safety and security training simulator (SST7) and describes research work related to the implementation of training scenarios. Selected results of a case study will be presented. A shorter version of this paper was originally presented at the International Conference on “Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation” at Gdynia in June 2013.

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Human Factors and Safety Culture in Maritime Safety (revised)

Berg H. P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 3

343--352

EN

As in every industry at risk, the human and organizational factors constitute the main stakes for maritime safety. Furthermore, several events at sea have been used to develop appropriate risk models. The investigation on maritime accidents is, nowadays, a very important tool to identify the problems related to human factor and can support accident prevention and the improvement of maritime safety. Part of this investigation should in future also be near misses. Operation of ships is full of regulations, instructions and guidelines also addressing human factors and safety culture to enhance safety. However, even though the roots of a safety culture have been established, there are still serious barriers to the breakthrough of the safety management. One of the most common deficiencies in the case of maritime transport is the respective monitoring and documentation usually lacking of adequacy and excellence. Nonetheless, the maritime area can be exemplified from other industries where activities are ongoing to foster and enhance safety culture.

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An Empirical Survey on the Role of Human Error in Marine Incidents

Mokhtari A., Khodadadi H. R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 3

363--367

EN

Error is a part of human. Despite that organizations are trying to reduce error to the zero level, this goal is unachievable. As far as human operation is taking place in a complicated environment, error will occurred, and its possibility would be increased under the conditions of stress, extra loading work, and fatigue. One of the most important transportation modes is marine transportations. The sea is an unsafe place that kills many by a simple event. Every year there are thousands of marine accidents that result in injuries, casualties, marine pollutions and also massive financial loss. To reduce the accidents, there should be more attention to the factors such as suitable training of human resource, proper implementation of national and international laws and regulations, vessels and the equipment on board them, port facilities, and also the utilities for marine search and rescue. In this research 1816 marine accidents have been studied in five Iranian shipping companies. 17 factors are known to be effective in occurrence of human error in these accidents. Four factors of the most influence are negligence, poor training, inadequate tools, and lack of skill and experience.

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The Present and Expected Changes in Maritime Safety, Security and Defense Functions

Urbański J., Morgas W., Miesikowski M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 1

11--17

EN

In this paper, an attempt has been made to present the subject and state of the three main functions of each maritime country; these are: the maritime safety, maritime security and maritime defense functions. There have been also discussed the subjects of these functions as well as the reasons and process of the closest and closest cooperation between these functions, and even the merger of these functions in one maritime function, i.e. in the maritime safety, security and defense functions Especially quickly proceeds the merger of the maritime security and maritime defense functions in one maritime function, i.e. in maritime security and defense function.

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Maritime Safety in European Concept of the Internalization of External Costs of Transport

Matczak M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 2

207--211

EN

Efficient and effective transport system is the key element for the future development of European economy. Simultaneously, the process of transport development is connected also with the negative effects for environment and society. For that reason, the concept of internalization of all external costs of transport is developing in European Union. The concept characteristics and specificity in the maritime transport is the main issue of the following analysis. The special interest is focused on the maritime safety, one of the key external cost category.

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Vision of the Decision Support Model on Board of the Vessel with Use of the Shore Based IT Tools

Bibik L., Krolikowski A., Czaplewski K., Duda D.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 3

255--258

EN

The Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its 81st session decided to include, in the work programmes of the NAV and COMSAR Sub-Committees, a high priority item on "Development of an e–navigation strategy”. E-navigation is meant to integrate existing and new electronic navigational tools (ship and shore based) into one comprehensive system that will contribute to enhanced navigational safety and security while reducing the workload of the mariner (navigator). This paper describes present IT created to support navigational and administrative activities related to vessel movement and cargo transhipment. Direction of development of existing systems is drafted with reference to E-Navigation concept. Information sets available for the vessel in Polish Sea Areas are grouped.

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The Paris MOU on PSC, Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery Deficiencies and the Maritime Safety

Melo G., Cobos I.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 4

397--401

EN

This article tries to show the relationship between one important set of deficiencies included in the Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control procedures, propulsion and auxiliary machinery, the importance of this set of deficiencies for the PSC inspection and also its importance for the Maritime Safety. The maintenance of the propulsion and auxiliary machinery systems has become less important that it deserves, that means while the ship sails everything is supposed to be properly maintained, this is the most extended policy in the Companies and accepted and supported by the Owners. This article studies the deficiencies included in the category propulsion and auxiliary machinery detected by the Port State Control Officers (PSCO) of the Paris MOU area, and tries to demonstrate how important they are in these inspections. At the same time can be seen the professional profile of the PSCO’s as well as the assessment made by them of those areas included in this set of deficiencies.