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Fractions of Zinc, Chromium and Cobalt in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash

Łukowski Adam

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 3

12--16

EN

In the fresh samples of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash, the fractional composition of Zn, Cr and Co was investigated. The BCR method was utilised to evaluate the acid soluble and exchangeable fraction (F1), reducible fraction (F2), oxidizable fraction (F3) and residual fraction (F4). Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, dry mass, and pseudo-total metal content were also determined. The percentage of zinc in fractions was in the following order: F3 (31.8%) > F1 (30.6%) > F2 (27.8%) > F4 (9.8%), for chromium F4 (88.7%) > F3 (5.4%) > F1 (3.2%) > F2 (2.7%), and in the case of cobalt F4 (59.8%) > F1 (14.3%) > F2 (13.6%) > F3 (12.3%). Mobile metal pool (F1–F3) gathered the most of zinc (90.2%) and the least of chromium (11.3%).

2

Fractional Composition of Nickel, Manganese and Iron in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash

Łukowski Adam

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 11

235--240

EN

Fractions of Ni, Mn and Fe in the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash were investigated. Three fractions of studied metals were separated according to the BCR procedure (acid soluble and exchangeable, reducible and oxidizable). Pseudo-total metal content, pH and dry mass in all samples were evaluated. The share of nickel in fractions followed the sequence: F4 (79.0%) > F3 (9.0%) > F1 (7.5%) > F2 (4.5%), for manganese: F4 (60.4%) > F1 (16.8%) > F2 (13.2%) > F3 (9.6%) and for iron: F4 (74.4%) > F2 (12.6%) > F3 (12.5%) > F1 (0.5%). Mobile pool of metals (F1-F3) contained the least of nickel (21.0%) and the most of manganese (39.7%).

3

Fractionation of Cadmium, Lead and Copper in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash

Łukowski Adam, Olejniczak Joanna Irena

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 3

112--116

EN

The basic physicochemical properties such as: dry mass, pH, pseudo-total content of cadmium, lead and copper, were determined in the fresh bottom ash samples from a municipal waste incineration plant. In order to study fractional composition of the investigated heavy metals, the BCR method was used (F1 – acid soluble and exchangeable fraction, F2 – reducible fraction, F3 – oxidizable fraction, F4 – residual fraction). The average percentage of cadmium in particular fractions was as follows: F1 (37.5%) > F4 (27.2%) > F2 (25.3%) > F3 (10.0%), for lead: F4 (36.5%) > F2(27.2%) > F3(23.4%) > F1(12.9%), and in the case of copper F4(66.3%) > F3(22.1%) > F2(7.4%) > F1(4.2%). Among the studied metals, in mobile pool (F1-F3) the highest amount of cadmium was noted (72.8%); for lead it was 63.5%, and for copper 33.7% of the pseudo-total content.

4

Assessment of the impact of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash used as partial cement replacement in cement mixture using bioassays

Fialová Jarmila, Hybská Helena, Samešová Dagmar, Lobotková Martina, Veverková Darina

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2019

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Vol. 45, no. 4

104--113

EN

The paper is focused on the research of ecotoxicological properties of mortar prisms produced with partial cement replacement by ash from energy recovery of municipal waste. Two types of ash were used: ash from incineration and ash from municipal waste gasification. According to the Waste Catalogue, ash is considered other waste, which is non-hazardous and nowadays it is predominantly landfilled. Negative results of standardized biotests are inevitable precondition for the use of ash for construction products. The results from both biotests (acute toxicity test on aquatic organisms Daphnia magna and growth inhibition test of higher cultivated plants Sinapis alba) confirmed suitability of cement replacement by ash from energy recovery of municipal waste. Environmental safety of produced mortar prisms is different. Recommended replacement of cement with ash, obtained from municipal waste gasification, is 10% and with ash gained from incineration is 15%. The use of this type of waste in construction industry will lead to the decrease of landfilled waste. Due to the replacement of cement with waste (from industrial branches) natural resources of raw materials used in the process of cement production are saved.