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Reducing musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risk of wiring harness workstation using workplace ergonomic risk assessment (WERA) method

Sugiono S., Efranto R. Y., Budiprasetya A. R.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2018

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Vol. 28, No. 4

536--551

EN

Bureau of Labor Statistics in Indonesia notes that musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is the main category of injury causes in workplaces leading to 30% compensation costs. The purpose of this paper was to know the risk of work position of wire harness companies using workplace ergonomic risk assessment (WERA) for basic workstation improvements. The first step of this research was studying the literature of MSD, work posture, work position, and WERA. It subsequently proceeded with the identification and assessment process using WERA on each type of wiring harness activity. From the research results, it was obtained three jobs indicated causing muscle injury and soreness namely torque job, grommet job, and offline job. Moreover, the problem was supported by complaints from most workers known by using a discomfort survey. Based on the problem, this research was conducted to find out the action levels with WERA method and give improvement recommendation to overcome the problem of musculoskeletal disorders. The results of WERA showed that torque, grommet, and offl ine jobs needed further investigation and improvement with the scores of 31.23, 28.87, and 30.9. Recommendations were then given in the form of personal protective equipment (PPE) to reduce the risk factor scores on contract stress, to provide a new workstation design of torque job, and to add aids for solving other pain problems.

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Verification of the Physical Load in Work of Nurses in Slovakia and Poland

Cechova I., Bartnicka J., Dulina L.

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

883--887

EN

Musculoskeletal complaints represent a common occupational problem for health care workers throughout the world. This study provides shortened results of review by Nordic Questionnaire, which was modified for review reasons. The aim of the study is verification of work-related load Slovak and Polish nurses in their work and mutual comparison of the results. Comparison of statistical sample of Slovak nurses (468) and Polish nurses (48 for this moment) points to certain common features in the field of pain and the determination of their causes. Verification of the knowledge base of nurses in the field of ergonomics, principles of manipulation of load and kinestetika shows slightly better results for Polish nurses. The study will continue to compare larger statistical samples, identify the most common pains and their causes to the reason prevent them.

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An experimental study to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders and postural stress of female craftworkers adopting different sitting postures

Maity P., De S., Pal A., Dhara P. C.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 2

257--266

EN

This study aimed to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and postural stress among female craftworkers. The study was carried out on 75 adult female craftworkers in different districts of West Bengal. The prevalence of MSDs, body part discomfort (BPD) rating and body joint angles of the workers were evaluated with standard methods. Electromyography (EMG) of the shoulder and back muscles was recorded with the BIOPAC system. The prevalence of MSDs, BPD rating and deviation of joint angle were comparatively lower in the case of sitting on the floor with folded legs than squatting and sitting on the floor with stretched legs postures. The EMG and rms values of the shoulder and back muscles were comparatively lower in this posture. Therefore, it was concluded that sitting on the floor with folded legs was less hazardous and it imposed less postural stress in comparison to other sitting postures.

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Analiza obciążenia pracą metodą OWAS

Lasota A.

Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem

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2013

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Vol. 16, nr 3

35--39

EN

Production systems are a combination of physical elements such as machinery, equipment, tools and (most importantly) people. Furthermore, systems dependent on human’ operators are particularly vulnerable to problems associated with discomfort. This affects production quality and causes an increase in training costs and absenteeism. In addition, work performed by people is accompanied by physical effort, which can lead to the appearance of musculoskeletal discomfort (MSDs) among employees in the form of health problems. Factors influencing the risk of MSDs include employee posture at work, range of motion, strength, repetition and duration. The posture of a worker is affected by factors such as the job performed, workstation, work tools, their design and the anthropometric characteristics of employees. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the workload of employees and analyse risk factors using the OWAS method. Research sample: 122 postures of employees at work in manufacturing companies in selected workplaces were evaluated. Among the evaluated employees were machine operators (lathes, milling machines, bending machines) - which represented 48 postures (39% of all postures); packers - 30 postures (25%); fitters engaged in manual assembly - 27 postures (22%), and other workers who do manual work - postures 17 (14%). Method: The observation technique used was the OWAS method (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System) to allow assessment of the level of exposure to the risk of MSDs and the level of ergonomic interventions in the form of action categories (AC). Results: AC 1: 35% of all respondent postures, of which: 38% of the postures belonged to operators, 27% packers, 41% assemblers and 35% other employees. AC 2: 45% of all respondents postures (48%, 47%, 48%, 29%; of operators, packers, assemblers and other employees, respectively). AC 3: 12% of all respondents. postures, in which: 10% of the postures were of operators, 13% packers, 11% assemblers and 18% of the postures were of other employees. AC 4: 7% of all respondents. postures, of which: 13% were operators' postures, 0% packers' postures' 18% assemblers' postures and 7% of the postures were of other employees. Conclusions: 35% of the evaluated postures do not require ergonomic intervention. However, 19% of postures are associated with a significant risk of MSDs and need ergonomic attention soon/immediately. Improperly maintained back position (71% postures), shoulder (20% postures), legs (30% postures) and excessive external load (6% postures). Ergonomic intervention is necessary, related to the redesign of jobs, methods of work, workplace and the organizational positions.

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Możliwości zastosowania techniki transmisji danych w paśmie telefonicznym do realizacji usługi e-Call

Michalski W.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2009

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nr 7

275-279

PL

Przedstawiono zarys istniejącego rozwiązania CTM, zdefiniowanego w zaleceniach 3GPP 26.226, TS 26.230 i TS 26 231, przeznaczonego do transmisji znaków tekstowych w kanale głosowym z systemu IVS instalowanego w pojeździe do punktu przyjmowania zgłoszeń alarmowych (PSAP). Podano wyniki analizy (punkt po punkcie) wymagań dotyczących transmisji danych eCall przy wykorzystaniu rozwiązania CTM w odniesieniu do ogólnych wymagań wobec transmisji modemowej danych alarmowych w paśmie telefonicznym oraz opis koncepcji działania systemu eCall przy wykorzystaniu zmodyfikowanej wersji rozwiązania CTM, przedstawionej w standardzie 3GPP TR 26.967.

EN

The article presents brief description of the existing Cellular Text telephony Modem (CTM) solution, defined in 3GPP TS 26.226, TS 26.230 i TS 26.231, dedicated for the transmission of textual characters via any voice channel from the In-Vehicle System (IVS) to the Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), point by point analysis of the requirements related to performance of eCall via CTM with respect to the general requirements concerning emergency data transfer in band modem solution as well as description of the performance of eCall via modified CTM which is presented in 3GPP TR 26.967 standard.

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Association Between Perceived Demands and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences: A Questionnaire Survey

Choobineh A., Rajaeefard A., Neghab M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

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Vol. 12, No. 4

409--416

EN

Excessive demands on nurses may result in high rates of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study was conducted among hospital nurses of Iran’s Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) to determine the prevalence of MSDs and to examine the relationship between perceived demands and reported MSDs. In this study, 641 randomly selected nurses from 12 SUMS hospitals participated. The Nordic musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire and Job Content Questionnaire were used as collecting data tools.The results showed that 84.4% of the participants had experienced some form of symptoms of MSDs during the past 12 months. Lower back symptoms were found to be the most prevalent problem. Perceived physical demands were significantly associated with MSDs (OR = 1.5–2.7). No association was found between perceived psychological demands and reported symptoms. It was concluded that any intervention program for preventing MSDs among SUMS hospital nurses had to focus on reducing physical demands, particularly excessive postural demands.

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Allowing for MSD Prevention During Facilities Planning for a Public Service: An a Posteriori Analysis of 10 Library Design Projects

Bellemare M., Trudel L., Ledoux E., Montreuil S., Marier M., Laberge M., Vincent P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

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Vol. 12, No. 4

387--397

EN

Research was conducted to identify an ergonomics-based intervention model designed to factor in musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevention when library projects are being designed. The first stage of the research involved an a posteriori analysis of 10 recent redesign projects. The purpose of the analysis was to document perceptions about the attention given to MSD prevention measures over the course of a project on the part of 2 categories of employees: librarians responsible for such projects and personnel working in the libraries before and after changes. Subjects were interviewed in focus groups. Outcomes of the analysis can guide our ergonomic assessment of current situations and contribute to a better understanding of the way inclusion or improvement of prevention measures can support the workplace design process.

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Incidence of Stress and Psychosocial Factors on Musculoskeletal Disorders in CAD and Data Entry

Cail F., Aptel M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 2

119--130

EN

A comparative study concerning the incidence of psychosocial factors and stress on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) was conducted on 30 males carrying out a computer-aided design (CAD) task and on 26 females carrying out a data entry task. Both populations completed a questionnaire concerning complaints of MSD, stress symptoms, psychosocial factors and working life. This study showed that the work context was more favourable to the data entry task operators than to the CAD task operators. In addition, there were relationships in CAD and in data entry between complaints of MSD and stress variables as well as between anguish and psychosocial factors. This field study has shown the importance of stress and of the work context in the occurrence of MSD in computer work.

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Biomechanical Stresses in Computer-Aided Design and in Data Entry

Cail F., Aptel M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2003

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Vol. 9, No. 3

235--255

EN

A study of the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper limbs was carried out on 2 populations, 1 performing a computer-aided design (CAD) task and the other performing a data entry task. A questionnaire on MSD complaints and working life was completed by a sample of each population. Biomechanical measurements of the forces, the angles, and the repetitiveness of movements of the upper limbs were carried out on some operators in each sample. It emerged that complaints of the upper limbs seem to be linked to the use of input devices. The grip forces exerted when using the keyboard and mouse were higher in CAD than in data entry.