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1

CG-SCMA Codebook Design Based on Maximized Euclidian Distance

Mohamed Sura S., Abdullah Hikmat N.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

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2023

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nr 1

18--24

EN

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a multi-dimensional codebook based on a class of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technologies enabling the delivery of non-orthogonal resource elements to numerous users in 5G wireless communications without increasing complexity. This paper proposes a computer-generated sparse code multiple access (CG-SCMA) technique, where the minimum Euclidian distance (MED) of a star 16-point quadrature amplitude modulation is maximized by CG-SCMA, thus creating a complex SCMA codebook based on optimizing the difference between the first and other radiuses over rotated constellations. To specify the most suitable values for this constellation, it is divided into four sub-constellations using trellis coded modulation (TCM) in an effort to optimize MED. The new codebook has four sub-constellations with MED values of 3.85, 2.26, 2.26, and 3.85, respectively. Application of the message passing algorithm (MPA) ensures low complexity of the decoding process

2

Miejski klimat pod kontrolą?

Szymański Dominik

Zieleń Miejska

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2019

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Nr 1

14--16

PL

Miejskie Plany Adaptacji (MPA) do zmian klimatu dla 44 największych polskich miast są na finiszu – informuje Instytut Ochrony Środowiska – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy. Opracowanie tych dokumentów i ich realizacja przyczynić mają się do poprawy jakości oraz komfortu życia w miastach.

3

Application of simulation in the production of plastic mold parts

Greskovic F., Dulebova L., Sikora J. W.

Przetwórstwo Tworzyw

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2016

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T. 22, Nr 5 (173)

407--412

EN

The aim of study is to assess the technology review of plastic mold parts and to propose the modification of its production. Analyzes were performed by simulation program Moldflow Plastic Advisor (MPA) and two alternative constructional solutions were proposed. Results of the simulation are technologically optimized mold parts and technological parameters for its production.

PL

Celem badań jest przeprowadzenie oceny przebiegu różnych sposobów otrzymywania wtryskiwanych wyprasek z tworzyw polimerowych i zaproponowanie technologii ich produkcji. Zostały przeprowadzone analizy komputerowe dwóch alternatywnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych wypraski za pomocą programu do symulacji Moldflow Plastic Advisor (MPA). Otrzymane wyniki symulacji optymalizują technologiczność konstrukcji wyprasek, jak i parametry technologiczne ich wytwarzania.

4

Poszukiwanie nowych leków immunosupresyjnych

Dzierzbicka K., Cholewiński G., Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D., Trzonkowski P.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2011

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[Z] 65, 1-2

59-92

EN

Transplantology is getting more and more important in medicine. Development of surgical techniques and immunosuppressive treatment enabled to establish successful transplantations with various organs and tissues. However, allografts are recognized as foreign tissues and stimulate rejection, i.e. a strong immunological response which, if not stopped, results in complete destruction of the transplanted tissue. In order to prevent the rejection patients have to be treated with immunosuppressive drugs after transplantation. Unfortunately, such a damping of immune system poses a risk of cancer or severe infections. The treatment itself is also toxic, notably when applied in a long-term maintenance therapy. Currently, adverse effects of immunosuppressive drugs are recognized as the ones to be involved significantly in chronic rejection and limitation of long survival of grafted tissues. Whereas prevention of acute rejection is mostly successful, there is still no efficient treatment for chronic graft rejection. Reduction of a dose of immunosuppressive drugs or an invention of new active substances is considered the most promising solution. Nowadays, immunosuppressive drugs can be divided into the three main groups: agents which inhibit production of cytokines taking part in cells’ activation (glicocorticosteroids, calcineurine inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors), antiproliferative compounds (azathiopirin, mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolic acid sodium salt), and antibodies. In this article we present new investigations towards immunosuppressive drugs, their structures and synthetic methods.

5

Kwas mykofenolowy i jego analogi. Synteza i aktywność biologiczna

Małachowska M., Cholewiński G., Dzierzbicka K., Wardowska A., Trzonkowsk P.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2009

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[Z] 63, 3-4

309-332

EN

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) 1 is one of the most substituted phtalides. Its chemical structure incorporates a highly functionalized, hexasubstituted benzene ring [3, 4]. This compound is one of the oldest known antibiotics [1, 2]. MPA is the most potent uncompetitive inhibitor of inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). This enzyme catalyzes a rate - limiting step in the de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides [13]. Mycophenolic acid as an IMPDH inhibitor functions as antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial and immunosupressive agent [5-11]. Its derivatives: mycophenolate mofetil (MMF; CellCept(r), Roche AG) and mycophenolate sodium (MPS; Myfortic(r), Novartis Pharma AG) are used in combination with corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors (cyclospo-rine A or tacrolimus) for the treatment and prophylaxis of organ rejection in solid organ transplants. The metabolic lability of mycophenolic acid and severe side effects in clinical treatment are the main reasons for the development of new synthetic pathways of its derivatives [14]. This paper reviews the most important approaches in mycophenolic acid synthesis and its derivatives and displays structure-reactivity relationships of these compounds. Synthesis of mycophenolic acid as one of the highest substituted phtalide is described [23-35]. The most common synthetic approach in preparation of highly substituted benzenes is by using benzene ring constructions with five or six required substituents [28-30]. First of these methods [25] is based on construction of the pentasubstituted resorcinol derivative via thermal addition of the alkynyl ether to the cyclobutenone. The synthetic strategy of the second method [28, 30] is depicted in Scheme 4 and the key step of this approach involves reaction between 16 and 17. Alternative approach to total mycophenolic acid synthesis is preparation of its intermediates [31]. Mycophenolic acid derivatives were divided into five groups, according to their chemical structure. For each of them synthetic pathway was shown and structure-biological activity relationships were described [40]. It has been found that replacement of the mycophenolic acid lactone ring with other cyclic groups resulted in loss of potency. A phenolic hydroxyl group and the aromatic methyl substituent were found to be essential for high activity. Replacement of the methoxy group with ethyl, vinyl or methyl resulted in compounds with higher activity than mycophenolic acid itself [41]. It has also been discovered that substitution with small alkyl groups in the ? position to the carboxylic group results in enhanced potency [46]. Furthermore monocyclic and indol derivatives were obtained and the carboxyamide derivative was selected for screening against prostate cancer [54]. Also new monocyclic analogues were obtained but they did not show any anticancer activity [55]. There have been synthesized several analogues of mycophenolic adenine dinucleotide [50-52] or mycophenolic adenine methylene-bis(sulfonamide)s [53] which showed inhibitory activity against IMPDH. Recently, a series of novel IMPDH inhibitors based on a methoxy-(5-oxazolyl)-phenyl (MOP) moiety have been designed [56].

6

Analizator protokołów sygnalizacyjnych MPA 7000. Opcja: Analizator Połączeń ISUP

Furgała Z.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2000

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R. 73, nr 12

954-956

PL

Przedstawiono jedną z dodatkowych funkcji Analizatora Protokołów Sygnalizacyjnych MPA 700. Jest nią Analizator Połączeń, czyli dodatkowy pakiet oprogramowania, który pozwala przetwarzać rejestrowane wiadomości sygnalizacyjne na rekordy o połączeniach (CDR). Rekordy o połączeniach są doskonałym źródłem informacji wykorzystywanych do kierowania ruchu, optymalizacji sieci, weryfikacji billingu, wyszukiwania nadużyć.

EN

This article discusses the Call Data Recorder, a powerful enhancement option of MPA Multichannel Protocol Analyser from GN Nettest. The Call Data Recorder option provides an excellent support in a number of vital activities, for example customer care, billing erification, traffic management, network optimization, fraud detection.