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Koszty i korzyści ustanawiania obszaru ochronnego dla różnych typów GZWP i warunków ich zagospodarowania

Gurwin Jacek, Wąsik Mirosław

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2019

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nr 476, Hydrogeologia z. 17

37--46

PL

W ostatnich latach wykonano w Polsce dwa duże projekty hydrogeologiczne, tj. dokumentacje ustalające zasoby dyspozycyjne oraz dokumentacje obszarów ochronnych głównych zbiorników wód podziemnych. W artykule przedstawiono koszty i korzyści związane z ustanawianiem obszarów ochronnych GZWP, wykorzystując wyniki wyżej wymienionych opracowań. Celem jest zaprezentowanie i porównanie wyników dla różnych typów GZWP i warunków ich zagospodarowania, mając na uwadze, że formalne wprowadzenie zakazów, nakazów i ograniczeń w użytkowaniu terenu będzie limitować możliwości jego wykorzystania. Wykazano, że stopień i sposób zagospodarowania terenu będzie wpływać na wysokość kosztów niezbędnych do poniesienia, przy czym najwyższe będą dla obszarów ochronnych na terenach w dużym stopniu zurbanizowanych.

EN

In recent years, two large hydrogeology projects have been carried out in Poland, i.e. hydrogeological documentation establishing the available groundwater resources and documentation aimed at defining protection areas of Major Groundwater Basins (MGB). The article presents the costs and benefits related to the legal establishment of MGB protection areas, utilizing the results from the projects mentioned above. It seems advisable to present and compare results in different hydrostructural conditions and types of MGB management. It should be borne in mind that the formal introduction of a series of orders, prohibitions and restrictions on land use in the protection area will limit the investment opportunities etc. Hydrogeologists do have the basic knowledge about the reservoir’s resources, as well as on the possibilities and costs of capturing groundwater. A clear relationship between the development of the protected area and the amount of costs is demonstrated. The establishment of protection areas is most expensive in built-up zones and cheapest in forest zones.

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Wpływ odwzorowania warunków hydrostrukturalnych na jakość regionalnego numerycznego modelu filtracji

Gurwin J., Serafin R.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 11/2

1206--1210

EN

Research and documentation in connection with investigations of protection areas of Major Groundwater Basins (MGBs) and the establishment of disposable resources have been the most important regional projects in recent years. The degree of complexity of hydrogeological conditions and the need to consider a number of simplifications makes introduction of standard schematization principles difficult. Therefore it is necessary to focus on the maximum use of data and existing geoinformatic tools for the construction of three-dimensional regional models. After all, obtaining the most important and basic result of a flow net, we should base on the solution in the xyz coordinates and the analysis of equipotential lines and path-lines in the 3D space. T-type models are therefore doubtful and not suitable in MGBs recognition.

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Dokumentowanie warunków hydrogeologicznych głównych zbiorników wód podziemnych (GZWP) w związku z wyznaczeniem ich obszarów ochronnych : podsumowanie projektu badawczego

Mikołajków J., Piasecka A., Węglarz D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 11/2

1225--1228

EN

From 2009 till 2016 one of the largest in the recent years hydrogeological project "Making programmes and geological documentation in order to specify hydrogeological conditions due to determining protection zone of Main Groundwater Basins (MGB)" has been led by Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute. The aim of the project was to document and describe MGBs as the most valuable and strategic groundwater reservoirs in Poland. Therefore set of documents for 101 MGBs and adaptation of 30 already existing pieces of MGBs documentation made before 2008 has been done. 131 documented MGBs encompass around 87 000 km2, which is 26.8% area of Poland. 20 groundwater basins didn’t meet all for MGB s established hydrogeological parameters, so they were reclassified to Local Groundwater Basins (LGB). 19 of all groundwater basins (15 MGBs and 4 LGBs) don’t need protection zones as the natural thickness of confining bed provides sufficient protection. For 112 of groundwater basins the protection zone has been determined. Their surface covers around 48 500 km2, which encompasses 15.5% area of Poland.

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Integration of numerical models and geoinformatic techniques in the delimitation of a protection zone for the MGB 319 complex multi-aquifer system in southwest Poland

Gurwin J.

Geologos

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2015

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Vol. 21, No. 3

169--177

EN

The study area, situated near the city of Wrocław in southwest Poland, is part of the hydrogeological system of the Quaternary/Neogene MGB 319, inclusive of a buried valley of high water potential, named the Bogdaszowice structure. This structure is an alternative source of water supply for the Wrocław city area. Numerical modelling is the most effective tool in establishing a groundwater protection strategy for Major Groundwater Basins (MGBs) in complex aquifer systems. In the present study, the first step was to assess the hydrodynamic conditions of the Radakowice groundwater intake by analyses of head contours, pathlines, average flow times and capture zones of particular wells. Subsequently, these results were used in combination with other data and compiled as GIS layers. The spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity was based on the lithology of surface sediments. Other data sets such as the thickness of the unsaturated zone, average soil moisture and infiltration rate were taken either directly from the model or were calculated. Based on the input data obtained, vertical flow time calculations for every model cell were made. The final outcome is a map of the protection zone for the aquifer system of the MGB 319.