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Metodyka badania techniką tomografii komputerowej urn kremacyjnych (popielnic)

Truszkiewicz A., Bober Z., Wojtasik A., Ożóg Ł., Rogóż J.

Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny

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2018

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Vol. 7, nr 6

391--394

PL

Prace archeologiczne czy antropologiczne wiążą się z ingerencją w badane obiekty. Dobitnym przykładem jest eksploracja urn z przepalonymi kośćmi. Tomografia komputerowa pozwala stworzyć i zapisać cyfrowy obraz obiektu. Jego analiza daje z kolei możliwość zaplanowania dalszego postępowania, w tym wypadku eksploracji popielnic. Celem pracy jest opracowanie metodyki badania TK, urn kremacyjnych (popielnic) tarnobrzeskiej kultury łużyckiej zawierających przepalone szczątki ludzkie. Badanie przeprowadzono na zlecenie Instytutu Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Analiza uzyskanych danych pozwoliła opracować optymalne parametry będące podstawą do badania TK podobnych obiektów w przyszłości.

EN

Archaeological or anthropological work involves interference in the objects studied. One clear example is the exploration of urns with burnt bones. Computed tomography enables us to create and save digital images of the objects. Analysis of such images provides in turn an opportunity for planning the next steps - in this case, for the exploration of urns. The aim of this study was to draft a methodology of CT scanning of cinerary urns of the Lusatian culture of Tarnobrzeg which contained burnt human remains. CT scans were performed upon the order of the Rzeszów University Institute of Archaeology. Analysis of the data obtained has enabled us to work out optimal parameters for future CT scanning of similar objects.

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Bronze Jewellery from the Early Iron Age urn-field in Mała Kępa. An approach to casting technology

Garbacz-Klempka A., Kowalski Ł., Gackowski J., Perek-Nowak M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 3

175--183

EN

This study characterizes the bronze jewellery recovered from the Lusatian culture urn-field in Mała Kępa (Chełmno land, Poland). Among many common ornaments (e.g. necklaces, rings, pins) the ones giving evidence of a steppe-styled inspiration (nail earrings) were also identified. With the dendritic microstructures revealed, the nail earrings prove the implementing of a lost-wax casting method, whereas some of the castings were further subjected to metalworking. The elemental composition indicates the application of two main types of bronze alloys: Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Pb. It has been established that the Lusatian metalworkers were familiar with re-melting the scrap bronze and made themselves capable of roasting the sulphide-rich ores. The collection from Mała Kępa has been described in terms of its structure and composition. The investigations were made by means of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X - ray analysis system (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). In order to fingerprint an alloy profile of the castings with a special emphasis on the nail earrings, the data-set (ED-XRF, EDS) was statistically evaluated using multidimensional analyses (FA, DA).

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Archaeometallurgical Investigations of the Early Iron Age Casting Workshop at Kamieniec. A Preliminary Study

Garbacz-Klempka A., Kowalski Ł., Kozana J., Gackowski J., Perek-Nowak M., Szczepańska G., Piękoś M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 16, iss. 3

29--34

EN

(Chełmno land, Poland) as it is reflected through casting workshop recovered during recent excavations. Among ready products, the ones giving evidence of local metallurgy (e.g. casting moulds and main runners) were also identified. With the shrinkage cavities and dendritic microstructures revealed, the artifacts prove the implementing a casting method by the Lusatian culture metalworkers. The elemental composition indicates application of two main types of bronzes: Cu-Sn and Cu-Pb. Aside these main alloying additions, some natural impurities such as silver, arsenic, antimony and nickel were found which may be attributed to the origin of the ore and casting technology. The collection from Kamieniec was described in terms of its structure and composition. The investigations were made by means of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). In order to fingerprint either local or non-local profile of the alloys, the ED-XRF data-set was statistically evaluated using a factor analysis (FA).

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"Mykeńskie" paciorki fajansowe z Kietrza na Górnym Śląsku

Rzeźnik P., Rzeźnik P.

Szkło i Ceramika

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2014

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R. 65, nr 5

16--20

PL

W artykule przedstawiono trzy paciorki, odkryte w jednym z grobów wczesnej kultury łużyckiej w Kietrzu na Górnym Śląsku i opublikowane przed trzydziestu laty jako szklane. Na podstawie cech technologicznych i stylistycznych oraz studiów porównawczych wyrobów szklarskich z Europy i Bliskiego Wschodu w epoce brązu wykazano, że są to wyroby z tzw. fajansu starożytnego. Były one ozdobami charakterystycznymi dla wschodniego Śródziemnomorza i szczególnie kultury mykeńskiej. W dorzecze Odry dotarły w ramach wymiany dalekosiężnej szlaku bursztynowego. Do grobu trafiły jako centralne ogniwa naszyjnika spełniającego funkcję osobistej ozdoby oraz przedmiotu o znaczeniu symboliczno-magicznym.

EN

The article presents three beads, discovered in an early Lusatian culture grave in Kietrz in the Upper Silesia region and published 30 years ago as glass ones. Based on technological and stylistic features as well as comparative studies of Bronze Age beads made of vitreous materials originating from Europe and the Near East, it has been shown that these are actually artefacts made of ancient faience. They used to be adornments typical for the Eastern Mediterranean and in particular Mycenaean culture. They found their way to the Oder basin through the long distance trade on the amber route. The beads were put to the grave as the central links of a necklace which acted as a personal adornment as well as an item bearing symbolic and magical value.