The environmental toxicity and potential human health problems that can be caused by most common wood preservatives are pushing forward the search of safe preservatives from renewable resources. Consequently, several studies have been realized to assess the potential of plant extracts in terms of fungal resistance for wood products. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of essential oil obtained from the leaves of Nectandra grandiflora against wood decay fungi. Chemical characterization was carried out by gas chromatography and the antifungal activity was performed by the radial growth technique. Firstly, the potato sucrose agar medium was supplemented with essential oil at concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 5.0 μL·mL-1. Afterwards, mycelial discs of Pycnoporus sanguineus and Gloeophyllum trabeum were transferred to the plates and the results were evaluated by the probit method. Chemical analysis revealed a complex mixture of sesquiterpenoids in the essential oil, which presented dehydrofukinone as a major compound. The essential oil and dehydrofukinone proved to be effective in the mycelial growth control of G. trabeum and P. sanguineus. These preliminary reports demonstrated the suitability of the N. grandiflora essential oil as a component of preservative solutions.
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