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Pre-probiotic effects of different bacterial species in aquaculture : behavioral, hematological and oxidative stress responses

Alak Gonca, Kotan Recep, Uçar Arzu, Parlak Veysel, Atamanalp Muhammed

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2022

Vol. 51, No. 2

133-142

There is very limited aquaculture research on candidate probiotics and their effects on fish physiology. In this study, acute applications of four different molecularly identified bacterial species – Brevibacillus brevis FD-1 (A), Pseudomonas fluorescens FDG-37 (B), Bacillus sphaericus FD-48 (C), and B. amyloliquefaciens TV-17C (D), with potential in aquaculture, were tested in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under static conditions. Physiological changes in blood tissue [hematological indices: erythrocyte count (RBC), leukocyte count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet count (PLT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell volume (MCV)], oxidative stress responses in liver and gill tissues [malondialdehyde (MDA) level, antioxidant enzyme activities: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)] and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain tissue (as neurotoxic biomarker) were investigated. Additionally, behavioral differences were recorded by measuring swimming performance to support neurotoxic findings in all treatment groups. The LC5024 value of FDG-37 strain was determined through analysis as 1.0 × 108CFU ml-1. Inhibition of enzyme activity, increase in the MDA level, as well as significant differences in hematological indices and swimming performance were determined in rainbow trout treated with B compared to control and other bacterial groups in gills. The potential for using group FD-48 and TV-17C bacterial strains as probiotics in aquaculture is more pertinent when considering the research findings and water quality parameters.

Cytotoxic Test of Octopus cyanea Ink Extract

Kalor John Dominggus, Simaremare Eva Susanty, Futwembun Allowisya, Wabiser Gloria, Gunawan Elsye, Yabansabra Yuliana Rut

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 8

144--152

Marine biodiversity of Papua is very high, but unfortunately research and utilization in medicine are limited. Many species of flora and fauna are used in ethopharmacology as drugs but without scientific explanation, e.g. octopus (Octopus cyanea), found in the Northern Papua Sea. The aim of this research was to test the toxicity of the ethanol octopus ink. The toxicity was tested with the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The samples were collected from the sea of Biak island in West Papua, extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane then tested the toxicity for Artemia salina leach larvae. The toxicity test involved concentrations of 1000, 750, 500, 250, 100, 75, 50, and 25 ppm. The result showed that ethanol extract of octopus ink has LC50 of 290 ppm, ethyl acetate extract has LC50 of 947 ppm, whereas dicholoromethane extract – 2190 ppm.

Wpływ pestycydów (fenitrotion, tolylfluanid) na Daphnia magna na podstawie testów toksyczności ostrej

Frąk M., Wiśniewska M.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

2005

Vol. 14, No. 2

167--176

Acute toxicity of two pesticides (organophosphorous insecticide and fungicide from sulfamid group) on Daphnia magna was studied in this experiment. Mortality of examined organisms in different concentrations of these active substances was defined. The value of lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated using probit method based on the observation results. The results have shown that after 6-hour exposure fenitrotione is more toxic for Daphnia magna, however after 24- and 48-hour exposure tolylfluanide occured more toxic. Both substances are very hazardous and toxic for aquatic organisms.