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Nitric oxide (NO) : a universal regulator of an organism’s vital processes at the cellular level

Pedrycz A., Siermontowski P., Ciechan A., Orłowski M., Zając G.

Polish Hyperbaric Research

2013

nr 2(43)

93--103

At the present time, seven types of nitrogen oxide have been discovered and defined: Nitrogen oxide (I) (N2O) – nitrous oxide, also known as a laughing gas, Nitric oxide (II) (NO) – nitrogen monoxide, Nitrogen oxide (III) (N2O3), Nitrogen oxide (IV) (NO2) – nitrogen dioxide which may produce a dimer – N2O4 – dinitrogen tetroxide, Nitrogen oxide (V) (N2O5) – dinitrogen pentoxide, Nitrogen oxide (VI) (NO3) nitrogen trioxide – nitrate radical of a strong oxidizing effect, Nitrogen oxide (VII) (N2O6) – dinitrogen hexoxide – an unstable compound with a peroxide bond O2N-O-ONO2. Of the above compounds the one that is of the greatest significance from the point of view of medicine is nitric oxide (NO), hence it is the main focus of this work.

Do chwili obecnej odkryto i opisano 7 tlenków azotu: Tlenek azotu (I) (N2O)- podtlenek azotu, tlenek di azotu, inaczej zwany gazem rozweselającym, Tlenek azotu (II) (NO) - monotlenek azotu, Tlenek azotu (III) (N2O3), Tlenek azotu IV (NO2) - dwutlenek azotu, który może tworzyć dimer- N2O 4 - czterotlenek azotu, Tlenek azotu (V) (N2O5) pięciotlenek di azotu, Tlenek azotu (VI) (NO3) trójtlenek azotu- rodnik azotanowy o silnym działaniu utleniającym, Tlenek azotu (VII) (N2O6)- sześciotlenek azotu - nietrwały związek z wiązaniem nadtlenkowym O2N-O-O-NO2. W medycynie największe znaczenie ma monotlenek azotu (NO) i jemu poświęcona jest niniejsza praca.

Development and validation of a TLC-densitometric method for the simultaneous quantitation of icariin and L-arginine from commercial formulations

Gupta P. K, Kuber V. V, Ghosh V. K, Bhope S. G, Sharma V., Purohit S

Acta Chromatographica

2011

Vol. 23, no. 3

447--458

A simple, rapid, and specific thin layer chromatographic (TLC) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of icariin and L-arginine from commercial polyherbal formulations for sexual dysfunction. The separation of the methanol extract of these formulations was achieved on silica gel 60 F254 aluminum backed TLC plates by using ethyl acetate-acetone-glacial acetic acid-formic acid-water 12:2:1:2:2 (υ/υ) as mobile phase. Densitometric analysis of icariin and L-arginine was monitored in absorbance mode at 270 and 195 nm, respectively. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots for icariin and L-arginine showed good linear relationship with r2 = 0.9984 +- 0.01 and 0.9968 +- 0.02, in the concentration ranges of 250–750 and 500–1500 ng/spot, respectively. The method was validated for precision, robustness, and recovery. The average percentage recovery was found to be 98.26% for icariin and 99.63% for L-arginine. The limits of detection and quantitation were 72, 116 and 238, 383 ng/spot, respectively, for icariin and L-arginine. Statistical analysis proves that the method is repeatable and selective for the estimation of the targeted drugs. Since the proposed mobile phase effectively resolves the icariin and L-arginine, this method can be applied for the identification and quantitation of these components in herbal extracts and marketed formulations.

The mechanism of L-arginine oxidation by quinquevalent vanadium in the presence of cationic surfactant in sulphuric acid media. A kinetic study

Dubey S., Pandey A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Chemistry

2001

Vol. 49, No. 2

183-191

The oxidation is first order each in [substrate] and the [oxidant]. The reaction follows an acid catalysed path, exhibiting second order dependence in [H+]. Bunnett's plot indicates that water acts as a nucleophile. Protonated form of oxidant has been postulated as the reacting oxidizing species. The rate studied at four different temperatures enabled us to calculate activation parameters. A suitable mechanism has been proposed.