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Budowa mostu na łodziach i przeprawa wojsk Władysława Jagiełły do Czerwińska w 1410 roku

Tyszkiewicz Jan

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2020

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T. 65, nr 4

43--65

EN

Władysław Jagiełło and Witold Kiejstutowicz were preparing a war with the Teutonic Order. It was decided to build a bridge across the Vistula near Czerwińsk. The wood for building about 50 riverboats (punts) and spans had to dry for several months. The works which started in February 1409 in the Kozienice Forest were coordinated by Master Jarosław and Staroste Dobrogost the Black. Teams of boatbuilders, carpenters, blacksmiths and raftsmen made the elements of the bridge (boats, spans, anchors, iron buckles). The bridge was erected between Śladow and Czerwińsk on June 28-30, 1410. The barriers on the banks and the military forces ensured an uninterrupted march of the Polish army on June 30-July 3, comprising approx. 15,000 mounted knights, several hundred heavy tabor wagons, and several dozen cannons. The combined Polish and Lithuanian-Ruthenian armies departed from Czerwińsk for the war with the Teutonic Order. The bridge was dismantled, floated to Płock and rebuilt on the Vistula near Przypust on September 24-27, 1410 for the returning Polish army.

2

50 lat od początków budowy Elektrowni Kozienice: historia, nieznane fakty i unikalne zdjęcia

Piątkowski Sebastian

Nowa Energia

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2018

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nr 3

70--74

PL

W tym roku obchodzimy 50-lecie Elektrowni Kozienice - największej w kraju elektrowni na węgiel kamienny. W związku z jubileuszem rozpoczynamy cykl artykułów opowiadających o historii Elektrowni. Będzie to dobra okazja by poznać nieznane do tej pory informacje i ciekawostki. 50 lat Elektrowni to tysiące opowieści i wspomnień pracowników, czas rozwoju i budowania bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski. To również bogata historia, która ma ogromny wpływ na to jak silnym i nowoczesnym koncernem energetycznym jest aktualnie Grupa Enea - wicelider produkcji energii elektrycznej w Polsce. Nasz cykl rozpoczynamy od czasów, w których podjęto decyzję o budowie Elektrowni Kozienice.

3

Ochrona tożsamości przestrzennej miasta szansą na rewitalizację Kozienic

Majewska A., Siwik P.

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2015

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nr 23/2

137--150

PL

Położone nad Wisłą Kozienice były znane już w średniowieczu. Początkowo funkcjonowały głównie jako miejsce królewskich polowań, by następnie przekształcić się w ośrodek przemysłu. Rozwój przestrzenny miasta koncentrował się wokół założenia pałacowoparkowego i wydłużonego rynku, dopiero lata współczesne wprowadziły do centrum monotonną zabudowę blokową. Dziś Kozienice poszukują swojej lokalnej, trochę zagubionej tożsamości, która może stanowić potencjał rozwojowy miasta.

EN

Kozienice located in Vistula’s river, was known since the middle ages. At the beginning was functioned as the royal hunting place and was transformed into an industrial center. The spatial development of the city focused on a palace and park assumptions and a prolonged market; a monotonous block building was introduced into the city center until the present days. Nowadays Kozienice located in the attractive area is looking for its lost identity which may be a development potential of the city.

4

Uwagi o działalności urbanistycznej oraz architektonicznej Firlejów w XVI w.

Tekielak A.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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1999

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R. 96, z. 1-A

121-153

EN

In the 16th century Polish lands underwent a period of intesive urbanization. The process generally involved founding towns on private lands owned by distinguished magnate families. One of them wasthe family of Firlejs. The Firlejs arranged setting upurban centves on their estates. The centres were located according to certain rational economic rules. They were settled on their lands surrounded by villages that were alco their property. These towns served as administrative and economic centers for surrounding estates and also performed a residential function. Among such centres that came into, being owing to the Firlejs were Janowiec, Lubartów, Markuszów, Czemierniki, Baranów, Radomy?l Wielki, Firlej, Firlejów Lwowski, Serock, Kozienice. These private owned urban centers ware established for the sake of profit. They were as source of considerable income for their owners. Apart from building towns, the Firlejs were intensely involved with economy and management of their estates. They erected grand residential castels founded churches and developed education system (Arian grammar school, Calvinist grammar school). They employed the best artist like Santii Gucii, Jan maria Padowano and Filip Canavessi. The majority of the towns built by the Firlejs were to be open to the public as the purpose of their existence was to profit from organizing fains and markets. It took the urban layont of these economic centers a fairy long time to shape. These structures followed the pattern of crossing the whole spatial arrangement with two axes of streets. The stresst intersected in the middle of the squerre - shaped or aprosimalety squere - shaped market place. There was a town hall most frequently erected at the interection of the axes. The great majority of these towns, apart from Lubartów, have never grown to became lange centers.