Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Ukrainian Institute of Physics and Technology Complex in Kharkiv: rethinking Soviet-period architectural heritage in postwar Ukraine

Didenko Kateryna, Kachemsteva Lubov, Antonenko Nadiia, Kiepova Daria

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

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2023

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Nr 74

73--83

EN

At present, in the context of Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine and the deliberate destruction of architectural monuments, the most important challenge is to preserve major Ukrainian urban and architectural complexes. There is an urgent need for the introduction of the monuments of Ukrainian culture and architecture into academic literature. Key Ukrainian architectural sites should be highlighted and further analyzed in terms of their completeness and stylistic attribution. This paper focuses on the history of the design and construction of the Ukrainian Institute of Physics and Technology (UIPT), an important complex that certainly has high historical, cultural and architectural value. The history of the origin and construction of the UIPT is documented and the main historical stages of the creation of the complex are covered. The main functional components of the complex are identified, and its core structures—the Main and High-Voltage buildings—are highlighted.

PL

Obecnie, w kontekście inwazji Rosji na Ukrainę i celowego niszczenia pomników architektury, najważniejszym wyzwaniem jest zachowanie głównych zespołów urbanistycznych i architektonicznych Ukrainy. Istnieje pilna potrzeba wprowadzenia zabytków kultury ukraińskiej do literatury naukowej. Kluczowe ukraińskie obiekty powinny być uwidocznione i dalej analizowane pod względem ich kompletności i przyporządkowania stylistycznego. Niniejszy artykuł skupia się na historii projektu i budowy Ukraińskiego Instytutu Fizyki i Technologii (UIFT), ważnego zespołu o niezaprzeczalnie wysokiej wartości historycznej, kulturowej i architektonicznej. Udokumentowano historię początków i budowy UIFT oraz omówiono kluczowe etapy historyczne powstawania zespołu. Zidentyfikowano główne funkcjonalne komponenty zespołu oraz naświetlono jego najważniejsze obiekty – Budynek Główny i Budynek Wysokich Napięć.

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Urban planning features of naukogrady (science cities) - centers of innovative activity: the case of Pyatihatky

Kachemtseva Lubov, Khoroian Natalia, Didenko Kateryna, Antonenko Nadiia

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2022

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Vol. 15, no. 1

19--28

EN

The authors of the paper examine the specifics of the design and construction of Soviet centers of innovation in the former Soviet Union “naukogrady” (science cities). Science cities are considered as an industrial and urban phenomenon, characterized by significant internal diversity in the nature and profile of scientific complexes. The geographical, town-planning, and planning features, the specifics of the functional structure of the Ukrainian science cities, which developed in the Soviet times, are studied on the example of the science city of Kharkiv - Pyatihatky. The history of the origin of the Ukrainian Institute of Physics and Technology and the main stages of the creation of the science city at it is covered. It is concluded that science cities are special urban formations, the population of which consisted mainly of people with higher education. They were distinguished by the high quality of infrastructure, social facilities, culture and services, housing, urban planning, and urban development, as well as advanced environmental thinking. The science cities which had two waves of development in the 20th century intended to rise to the crest of the third wave now.

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Planning of Volodymyr Pokrovsky’s non-ecclesiastical buildings: Kharkiv’s urban history of the 1910s

Kondratyeva Oksana, Sleptsov Oleg

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2020

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nr 42

287--294

EN

Kharkiv’s urban development experienced an unprecedented leap at the turn of the 20th century. It was coursed mostly by the economical growth, social change and cultural shift. Kharkiv’s master plan of 1895 inevitably influenced the shaping of the new urban planning and spatial compositions. This research investigates the planning structures of the most remarkable non-ecclesiastical buildings designed by the prominent architect and artist Volodymyr Pokrovsky (1863–1924) in Kharkiv during the 1910s. The authors explore specifically their notable features in context of Kharkiv’s urban development.

4

Aleksander Rzepiszewski. Pioneer of early modernism in Khakiv (ca. 1909-1915)

Zhvanko Lubov, Pszczółkowski Michał

Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki

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2018

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T. 63, z. 1-2

37--44

EN

The subject of this paper is an excellent architect of Polish origin, Aleksander Rzepiszewski, associated mostly with Kharkiv. In the first half of the 20th century, he designed 27 buildings of different use, 25 of which have survived to this day; whereby 17 have been given a status of architectural monuments. The architectural innovations of Rzepiszewski in the city contributed to its originality and elegance. The architect modernized the image of Kharkiv, skillfully applying the ideas of early modernism, which promoted comfortable living and working conditions. He was the first to introduce a new method of arranging flat interiors through the possibility of using sliding walls. Rzepiszewski was also the first architect in Kharkiv who started to design the so-called “cooperative houses” with their own flats. The characteristic profile of the roofs, which cover the tenement houses designed by him, provide the historical center of Kharkiv with an original look, complementing the dominants of orthodox towers.