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1

LNA design and implementation for passive millimeter wave imaging system in Ka band

Duman Mehmet, Salman Alp Oral

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 10

86--89

EN

There are several methods of creating a Passive Millimeter Wave Imaging System (PMMWIS). One of these methods is to use tripod, 2- axis positioner, control unit, the parabolic reflector antenna (PRA) and the radiometric receiver located at the focal point of the PRA. The radiometric receiver, which is the most important part of the system can be divided into parts such as low noise amplifier (LNA), detector, mixer and video amplifier (VA). In this study; LNA will be explained. PMMWIS is an imaging method that emerged as a result of the weakening of the radiation in other systems due to atmospheric effects. In case of working in certain frequency windows (35 GHz, 96 GHz, 220 GHz, …); the radiation will not be affected by weather events and can be measured. In this study, an LNA has been created for a radiometric receiver that can be operated at Kaband. Hittite brand HMC1040LP3CE chip from Analog Devices Company, which can theoretically give 23 dB gain in Ka-band has been preferred. The discrete elements and the chip in the circuit are very precisely placed on the board with special solder mixtures using electronic magnifiers, and 2.92 mm connectors are included in the input and output (IO) of the RF line of the circuit. In the last case; the LNA circuit, which was prepared for measurement, was fed with the power supply. It was measured with the help of vector network analyzer (VNA). At last, the LNA working in the Kaband produced for PMMWIS with a gain value of 19.32 dB at 26.2 GHz center frequency was obtained.

PL

Istnieje kilka metod tworzenia pasywnego systemu obrazowania fal milimetrowych (PMMWIS). Jedną z tych metod jest zastosowanie statywu, pozycjonera 2-osiowego, jednostki sterującej, parabolicznej anteny reflektorowej (PRA) oraz odbiornika radiometrycznego umieszczonego w ognisku PRA. Odbiornik radiometryczny, który jest najważniejszą częścią systemu, można podzielić na takie części jak wzmacniacz niskoszumowy (LNA), detektor, mikser oraz wzmacniacz wideo (VA). W tym badaniu; LNA zostanie wyjaśnione. PMMWIS to metoda obrazowania, która pojawiła się w wyniku osłabienia promieniowania w innych systemach na skutek efektów atmosferycznych. W przypadku pracy w określonych oknach częstotliwości (35 GHz, 96 GHz, 220 GHz, …); na promieniowanie nie będą miały wpływu zdarzenia pogodowe i można je zmierzyć. W tym badaniu stworzono LNA dla odbiornika radiometrycznego, który może pracować w paśmie Ka. Preferowany jest układ HMC1040LP3CE marki Hittite firmy Analog Devices, który teoretycznie może dać 23 dB wzmocnienia w paśmie Ka. Elementy dyskretne i układ scalony w obwodzie są bardzo precyzyjnie rozmieszczone na płytce za pomocą specjalnych mieszanek lutowniczych za pomocą lup elektronicznych, a złącza 2,92 mm znajdują się na wejściu i wyjściu (IO) linii RF układu. W ostatnim przypadku; do obwodu LNA przygotowanego do pomiaru zasilono zasilacz. Została zmierzona za pomocą wektorowego analizatora sieci (VNA). W końcu uzyskano LNA pracujące w paśmie Ka wyprodukowane dla PMMWIS o wartości wzmocnienia 19,32 dB przy częstotliwości środkowej 26,2 GHz.

2

Ka Band-pass Filter Based on SIW Technology for Wireless Communications

Damou Mehdi, Benallou Yassine, Chetioui Mohammed, Boudkhil Abdelhakim, Berber Redouane

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

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2021

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nr 2

49--56

EN

The paper proposes a new third-order Chebyshev bandpass filter based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) manufacturing technology using an inductive iris and a defected ground structure (DGS) station to resonate in the Ka frequency band, intended for wireless communication applications. All steps that are necessary for designing such a filter have been described in detail based on specific analytical equations harnessed to calculate the different synthesizable parameters of the proposed band-pass filter design, such as the coupling matrix, quality coefficients and initial geometric dimensions. The filter’s ideal frequency response is extracted from an equivalent circuit employing localized elements developed with the use of Design Microwave Office Software. Otherwise, HFSS is employed to set the initial parameters of the proposed topology that will not meet the target specifications defined previously. Accordingly, optimization procedures are necessary for different SIW band-pass filter parameters to reach a high frequency response for the proposed design. The detailed results presented show high efficiency of the SIW technology that offers good performance with lower filter volumes. Two topologies have been developed and then optimized to demonstrate the usefulness of EM software.

3

SIW/HMSIW Bandpass Filters for Ka Frequency Band Serving Wireless Applications

Damou Mehdi, Benallou Yassine, Mansouri Boualem, Nouri Keltouma, Chetioui Mohammed, Boudkhil Abdelhakim

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2021

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Vol. 67, No. 3

355--361

EN

This paper describes a novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter using Chebyshev approximation and Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW)modeling technique. The developed 3 rd order filter structure uses an inductive iris and an inductive post station in a way it resonates in Ka frequency band serving wireless applications. The paper presents in details steps of the filter design formed by specific analytical equations to extract its different synthesizable parameters including coupling matrix, quality factor and initial geometric dimensions. The ideal frequency response of the filter is determined from an equivalent circuit that uses localized elements developed by AWR Microwave Software. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is then employed to model the proposed filter structure and optimize its initial parameters until meeting the target specifications initially fixed in order to provide a high frequency response for the proposed filter design. Finally, the obtained results display a good performance for the proposed filter design and demonstrate a high usefulness for the employed technology that allows a low design volume.

4

Projekt reflektora Bragga dla pasma 26 GHZ

Adamkiewicz Karolina, Dukata Andrzej

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2021

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Vol. 62, nr 2

21--24

PL

Artykuł powstał na podstawie pracy dyplomowej - inżynierskiej realizowanej przez studentkę Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej. W pracy dyplomowej została zaprezentowana teoria propagacji fal elektromagnetycznych w ośrodkach warstwowych, której podstawowe rezultaty zaprezentowano w artykule. Na jej podstawie opracowano program w środowisku MatLab wizualizujący współczynnik odbicia mocy w funkcji częstotliwości dla częstotliwości środkowej f₀ = 26 GHz, odpowiadającej jednemu z pasm telefonii 5G w Polsce. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji oraz wynikające z nich wnioski.

EN

The article is based on the diploma thesis realized by the student of the Military University of Technology. The theory of propagation of electromagnetic waves in layered media is presented in the thesis. Based on this theory, a program in MatLab was developed to visualize the power reflection coefficient as a function of frequency for the center frequency f₀ = 26 GHz, corresponding to one of the 5G telephony bands in Poland. The article presents an analysis of the simulation results and conclusions.

5

A CPW-fed Sigma-shaped MIMO Antenna for Ka Band and 5G Communication Applications

Madhav B. T. P., Devi G. J., Lakshman P., Anilkumar T.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

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2018

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nr 4

97--106

EN

This article presents a MIMO compact antenna measuring 45×45×1.6 mm, on the FR4 substrate, proposed for Ka band and 5G communication applications. The proposed design is suitable to overcome the issues connected with massive MIMO. It has four-sigma-shaped radiating elements and a c-shaped ground plane with coplanar waveguide feeding. Its compact dimensions suit it for most existing communications systems. The aerial operates in the 21–30 GHz range, which covers Ka and 5G communication bands. The proposed antenna exhibits the average eﬃciency of more than 76% within its operating band and gives a minimum signal to noise plus interference ratio. The presented antenna covers several services, such as Ka band satellite downlink applications and future 5G communication applications.