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The Relationship among Dissolved Inorganic Phosphate, Particulate Inorganic Phosphate, and Chlorophyll-a in Different Seasons in the Coastal Seas of Semarang and Jepara

Maslukah Lilik, Zainuri Muhammad, Wirasatriya Anindya, Maisyarah Siti

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 3

135--142

The speciation of particulate inorganic phosphate (PIP) in waters is still rarely studied, unlike the dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) which is often used in the assessment of the water quality parameters and their effect on the presence of chlorophyll a. This research aimed at determinig the relationship between DIP and PIP and its effect on the concentration of chlorophyll-a. This research was conducted in the waters of Semarang and Jepara, in different seasons (Rainy and dry). Speciation from PIP was obtained through an extraction process using 1 M HCL and continued with phosphate analysis using the molybdenum blue method, as in the DIP analysis. The linear model was used to find an equation and determine the variables that affect chlorophyll a. Our results showed that the distribution patterns of DIP, PIP and Chlorophyll-a have different patterns in the two study areas and different seasons. The concentration of DIP is always high in the Semarang waters, and is followed by a high chlorophyll-a response. A different pattern was found in the Jepara waters, where the chlorophyll-a response is high in the east monsoon. The relationship of Chl-a to DIP was very significant in the west season in the waters of Semarang and the Jepara region in the east season (p < 0.05). The relationship of chlorophyll a to DIP in the Semarang and Jepara waters produced an equation, Chl a = -56.565 + 76.672 (DIP) with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.478, at a significant level (p) = 0.004 and Chl a = -25.844 + 68.827 (DIP) with value of R2 = 0.421 at a significance level of p = 0.007, respectively.

Distributions and Fluxes of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrients in Porewater Sediments in the Estuary of Jepara Indonesia

Maslukah Lilik, Wulandari Sri Yulina, Prasetyawan Indra Budi, Zainuri Muhammad

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 2

58--64

River is a location that is responsible for the main transport of nutrient flow from land to estuary and oceans. The nutrients that are adsorbed by the solid phase can be deposited and stored in the sediment. Sediments in estuaries and beaches have an important role in storing or removing nutrients from or to the water column. The presence of nutrients in porewater interacts with sediment and water column. In general, the nutrients that have a role as limiting factors for life in the waters are nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The release of N and P elements is very important for the estuary and coastal environment, related to the process of regenerating nutrients into the water column. The release mechanism is determined by a diffusion process, based on the difference of concentration between the water column and the porewater. This study aims to determine the concentration of N and P in the porewater and estimate the value of flux. The sediment samples were taken from the Wiso and Serang estuary, Jepara. The components that were analyzed in the porewater are the concentration of N (nitrate, nitrite) and P (phosphate). Nitrite, nitrate and phosphate were determined by using sulphanilamide method and the molybdenum blue method, respectively. Furthermore, the flux value (F) was calculated based on the Fick’s I Law which was corrected by porosity. The results show that the mean concentrations of nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-) and phosphate (PO42-) in the sediment water of Serang Estuary are 1.96, 1.41, 3.46 μM and in the Wiso estuary are 3.4, 1.85, 8.22 μM. In general, based on the calculation of flux, the sediments in the Serang and Wiso estuaries have a positive flux. Moreover, the sediment in Jepara acts as a source and releases N and P nutrient into the water column. The Wiso estuary has a higher flux than the Serang estuary.