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Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Inaouene Watershed Upstream the Idriss 1st Dam, Northern Morocco

Laaraj Marouane, Mesnage Valerie, Nabih Soumaya, Mliyeh Mohammed Mouad, Lahmidi Ikram, Benaabidate Lahcen

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 9

157--170

In order to evaluate the degree of sediment contamination by metallic trace elements in the watershed of Oued Inaouene (North-East of Morocco), samples of surface sediments were taken along the river and at the level of the Idriss 1st dam. The objective was to obtain thorough knowledge of the environment (metallic element content, organic matter content, granulometry, and pH, EC, CaCO3 content) in order to identify the degree of pollution in these sediments. The results of analysis have highlighted a contamination accentuated by Ba, Sr, P, Cu, Pb, In fact, this element is present at very high levels, with a maximum content ppm for the samples taken upstream of Oued Inaouene. This increase is related to the physicochemical conditions of the environment, despite the diversity of sources of pollutants. The analysis of hazardous heavy metals showed the values under the detection limits. The qualitative study allowed to identifying the source of contamination, it is an anthropogenic source related to the discharges of cities in vicinity of Oued Inaouene, and natural considered as the main source of pollution by trace elements of sediments that constitute an important reserve of pollutants in the environment.

Assessment of Inaouene River Pollution for Potable Water Supply, Northern Morocco

Laaraj Marouane, Benaabidate Lahcen, Mesnage Valérie

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 7

68--80

Under hydrological uncertainty and to secure the potable water supply for the Fez city with more than one million and a half inhabitants, the competent authority intends to bring water from the Idriss 1st reservoir 30 km away, downstream the Inaouene watershed. The pollution risks as well as the contamination degree of surface water and sediments were assessed by monitoring the physicochemical characteristics of the water and sediment samples. The results revealed high values of chemical oxygen demand and chloride mainly linked to the uncontrolled liquid discharges. Calcium and magnesium showed also high concentrations that are due to the watershed geology, where carbonate rocks are dominant. The contents of some heavy metals remain relatively low and within the Moroccan standards. The metal contents in sediments show a low degree of the anthropogenic pollution. This led to conclude that the waters and sediments in the study area show relatively degraded quality and then could be used for water supply under continuous control.