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1
Content available remote Oil in statu nascendi. The state of the oil industry in Galicia in 1853
Kozicka-Kołaczkowska Anna
Energy Policy Studies
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2023
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Vol. 2 (13)
29--38
EN
In the autumn of 1853, the Krakow Chamber of Commerce entrusted its member Antoni Szwarz with the task of conducting a personal survey of industrial and commercial facilities in Western Galicia. His mission was to gather statistical data from these economic sectors. The official surveyor’s findings provided a credible picture of the material state, industrial infrastructure, and economic awareness regarding the oil deposits in Galicia. Interestingly, these oil reserves were often underappreciated and remained largely untapped. Antoni Szwarz’s re-port also offers a parallel perspective on the experiences of Ignacy Łukasiewicz, who explored the oil-bearing regions of Eastern Galicia around the same time (between 1852 and 1853). It was during this period that the symbolic era of oil began, marked by the discovery and patenting of fractional distillation methods by Polish pharmacists Ignacy Łukasiewicz and Jan Zeh, as well as the development of a prototype oil lamp. This lamp was intended to consciously create and popularize demand for a superior illuminating fuel—namely, the oil frac-tion.The events of 1853 laid the foundation for professional oil mining, refinery industry, and mass distribution of petroleum products. Łukasiewicz continued this journey by establishing a pioneering oil mine in Bóbrka near Krosno in 1854. An official economic report published in the press a few months before these groundbreaking steps serves as a testament to the state of official knowledge at the national level during the transition years of 1853 and 1854. It also reflects the economic innovation driven by oil and Łukasiewicz’s discoveries in the region and beyond.
2
Content available What Can the Modern Generation Learn from Ignacy Łukasiewicz?
Ruszel Mariusz
Energy Policy Studies
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2022
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No. 1 (9)
85--91
EN
Ignacy Łukasiewicz is commonly referred to as the founder of the oil industry. Most people associate him with the invention of the kerosene lamp. He was also, however, an accomplished pharmacist, an advocate of Polish independence, social activist, and philanthropist. It is worth recalling that he was the cofounder of the world's first oil mine and distillery. He made a lasting mark on the economic history of the world. Łukasiewicz was not only the inventor of the oil lamp; his achievements were broader. He operated in difficult times and had to overcome many private, political and economic adversities. Yet they did not break his attitude, which was unfailing. He proved that being an innovator and an entrepreneur is not incompatible with maintaining admirable social convictions. What can we, living in the 21st century, learn from Ignacy Łukasiewicz? This article brings to the fore several qualities of his that are well are worth noting. It aims to present the values that characterize the person of Ignacy Łukasiewicz - values, the emulation of which, would serve the present generation well.
3
Content available That’s oil!…The Apothecary and the Blood of the Earth
Kozicka-Kołaczkowska Anna
Energy Policy Studies
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2022
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No. 1 (9)
19--27
EN
Petroleum was of little interest to analytical chemistry scholars until the mid-19th century, as they considered it unhelpful to experiment with an explosive chemical compound with niche utility value. The discovery of oil's potential is credited to Polish pharmacists Ignacy Łukasiewicz and Jan Zeh, who performed the chemical separation of oil in a pharmacy laboratory using the scientific method of fractional distillation. The isolation of the kerosene fraction from oil was exploited by Ignacy Łukasiewicz, who created an innovative design for a lamp. Lighting with cheap kerosene became the idea of the explorer, who, with the help of Polish investors, organised the first oil mine and refinery in 1854, laying the foundation for the oil mining and petrochemical industry. Łukasiewicz's lamp, entering mass use, initiated global demand for oil. The accounts of Polish and Austrian historians on the pioneering role of Łukasiewicz in this regard support the arguments from the field of physics and analytical chemistry developed by Wojciech Roeske, who demystifies the amateurish, intuitive methods of oil purification of Łukasiewicz's predecessors, documents the merits of the Pole as a pioneer – an ancestor of the oil industry derived from the tradition of Polish pharmacy.
4
Content available Bóbrka - History of the Site : a 19th-Century Mine in the Ignacy Łukasiewicz Oil and Gas Industry Museum
Olejarz Barbara, Górecki Michał
Energy Policy Studies
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2022
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No. 1 (9)
103--111
EN
The 19th-century oil mine in Bóbrka has retained much of its authenticity due to the fact that it has been in continuous operation since 1854. The technical facilities have survived in excellent form, and, above all, the historical spatial and landscape layout remains. This is what makes the facility not only of national, but also international importance. Due to the continuity of extraction and its industrial form, the Bóbrka mine can be described as the world's oldest, oil extraction site and thus the cradle of the oil industry.
5
Content available Black gold : the history of the energy sector
Zborowski Łukasz
Energy Policy Studies
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2022
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No. 1 (9)
11--18
EN
The history of oil production, processing and use is centuries old. Of course, the kerosene lamp, fractional distillation yielding kerosene of unprecedented purity, industrial extraction of oil, including from beneath the seabed, purification, and pipeline transmission of natural gas, led to the explosion (sic!) of the oil industry, transportation energy, chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and many other fields.
6
Content available Be Like Ignacy, Live Like Ignacy
Pruchnik Tymoteusz
Energy Policy Studies
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2022
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No. 1 (9)
93--101
EN
Ignacy Łukasiewicz is a person who went down in Polish and world history as the inventor of the kerosene lamp and pioneer of the oil industry. Ignacy Łukasiewicz is an example of a person who in his personal and professional life went far beyond the mediocrity of those living in the 19th century. The purpose of this article is to present the professional successes of Ignacy Łukasiewicz in the development of the oil industry and to show him as a pioneer of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The article uses available literature on the life and work of Ignacy Łukasiewicz and selected literature on CSR.
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