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Application of X-ray Diffraction for Residual Stress Analysis in Truncated Cones Made by Incremental Forming

Krasowski Bogdan, Kubit Andrzej, Trzepieciński Tomasz, Dudek Kazimiera, Slota Jan

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 14, no 2

103--111

EN

The final accuracy of the parts formed using single point incremental forming greatly depends on the mechanical properties of the material to be formed and the residual stress formation. In this paper, an X-ray diffraction technique was used to study the distribution of the residual stress along the generating line of the conical drawpiece. A DC04 steel sheet with a thickness of 0.8 mm was used as a test material. The basic mechanical properties of the DC04 sheet metal were determined in the uniaxial tensile test according to the EN ISO 6892–1:2016. It was found that the maximum amount of the residual stress existed in a point located in the midway between a base and a truncation of the drawpiece. In the outer surface of the drawpiece, the orange peel defect associated with a rough surface appearance after SPIF a drawpiece, was observed. In contrast, the inner surface of component was characterized by linear grooves associated with the interaction of tool tip with the sheet surface. This defect is mainly influenced by vertical step size.

2

Effects of forming tools and process parameters on surface roughness in incremental sheet forming

Khalil Umair, Aziz Muhammad Haris, Jahanzaib Mirza, Ahmad Wasim, Hussain Salman, Hafeez Faisal

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2018

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Vol. 12, no 3

75--95

EN

Literature has vastly advocated for incremental sheet forming as a significant process for formation of sheet metal components, because of its higher formability in comparison with the rest of metal forming processes such as deep drawing and stamping. Due to high formability of incremental sheet forming it becomes important to investigate the main factors, influencing the quality of forming products. However, less attention has been given to investigate the inconsistencies reflected often in determining the effect of multiple forming parameters and parametric interactions comprising of spindle rotational speed and feed rate, tool size and sheet thickness, sheet thickness and step depth. This study investigates the effect of various principal factors including tool type, tool size, sheet thickness, spindle speed, feed rate, step increment including and their respective interaction on surface roughness. Research data was collected by undertaking extensive literature review of previous studies on incremental sheet forming regarding surface quality. A quantitative one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze the significance and contribution of factors influencing surface quality of sheet forming. The findings highlight the contribution of forming parameters and their combined interactions on surface roughness. Based on the empirical findings, this study derives implications for the optimization of tool type, parametric interactions among principal factors and their respective optimized operational range for incremental sheet forming.

3

Komputerowa symulacja warunków przerobu pyłów pochodzących z procesu przetopu złomu stali w piecach elektrycznych (EAFD) metodą iniekcji do strefy dysz pieca szybowego ISF.

Kapias P.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

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2003

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R. 48, nr 7

315-319

PL

Przedstawiono relację pomiędzy najważniejszymi parametrami przerobu EAFD metodą iniekcji do strefy dysz pieca szybowego do jednoczesnego otrzymywania cynku i ołowiu (ISF). Relacje te ustalono traktując strefę topienia i redukcji ISF jako tak zwaną "czarną skrzynkę", dla której poszukiwano związków pomiędzy parametrami wejścia i wyjścia dla różnych sytuacji technologicznych. Dla takiego modelu możliwe było sformułowanie układu równań nieliniowych, z których pierwsze reprezentowało bilans masy, kolejne wyrażało pierwszą zasadę termodynamiki, wreszcie ostatnie warunek równowagi termodynamicznej na granicy pomiędzy strefą topienia i redukcji a strefą równowagi.

EN

Relations between main parameters of the electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) processing method by the injection to a nozzles zone of a shaft furnace (ISF) in order to obtain simultaneously zinc and lead are presented. To determine these relations, melting and reduction zones of the ISF furnace were assumed to be a " black box ", and dependencies between input and output parameters for different technological situations were analysed. Based on such model, a system of non-linear equations was formulated so that the first of them represented a mass balance, the next one reflected the first principle of thermodynamics, and the last one expressed condition of thermodynamic equilibrium on a boundary between melting and reduction zones and the equilibrium zone.