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1

Metody oceny oddziaływania mikroklimatu zimnego na organizm człowieka

Bogdan A.

Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy

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2009

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Nr 1 (59)

195--201

PL

Ocena narażenia pracowników na oddziaływanie środowiska zimnego może być przeprowadzana za pomocą dwóch wskaźników – WCI (wind chill index) oraz IREQ (required clothing insulation), z których pierwszy opisuje wpływ miejscowego chłodzenia organizmu wywołanego działalnością powietrza o wy-sokiej prędkości, drugi zaś określa izolacyjność cieplną odzieży ochronnej wymaganą w celu zapobiega-nia oziębieniu całego ciała. Omówiono metodę określania i interpretacji obu wskaźników.

EN

Estimation of workers’ exposure to a cold environment is based on two indices: WCI (wind chill index), which determines the effect of local cooling on human, and IREQ, which determines the clothing insulation required to prevent general cooling. This paper presents a methodology for determining and interpreting both indicators.

2

Calculation of Clothing Insulation by Serial and Parallel Methods: Effects on Clothing Choice by IREQ and Thermal Responses in the Cold

Kuklane K., Gao C., Holmer I., Giedraityte L., Brode P., Candas V., Hartog den E., Meinander H., Richards M., Havenith G.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2007

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Vol. 13, No. 2

103--116

EN

Cold protective clothing was studied in 2 European Union projects. The objectives were (a) to examine different insulation calculation methods as measured on a manikin (serial or parallel), for the prediction of cold stress (IREQ); (b) to consider the effects of cold protective clothing on metabolic rate; (c) to evaluate the movement and wind correction of clothing insulation values. Tests were carried out on 8 subjects. The results showed the possibility of incorporating the effect of increases in metabolic rate values due to thick cold protective clothing into the IREQ model. Using the higher thermal insulation value from the serial method in the IREQ prediction, would lead to unacceptable cooling of the users. Thus, only the parallel insulation calculation method in EN 342:2004 should be used. The wind and motion correction equation (No. 2) gave realistic values for total resultant insulation; dynamic testing according to EN 342:2004 may be omitted.

3

Warunki komfortu cieplnego w świetle obowiązujących norm

Chojnacka A.

Chłodnictwo i Klimatyzacja

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2006

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nr 11

17-20

4

Prediction of Duration Limited Exposure for Participants Wearing Chemical Protective Clothing in the Cold

Rissanen S., Rintamaki H., Holder I.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2000

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Vol. 6, No. 4

451--461

EN

The suitability of the IREQ (insulation required) index for predicting the thermal responses of 6 participants wearing chemical protective clothing was tested during exercise at -20 and -25 °C. IREQ was used to calculate duration limited exposure (DLE). Measured DLE correlated (r= .899, p < .001) with the predicted DLE. In exposures exceeding 40 min, however, the predicted DLE tended to be 10-20 min too short compared to the measured one. During short exposures the prediction was 5-20 min too long. The results show that IREQ overestimated the cold strain in participants wearing chemical protective clothing during cold exposures longer than 40 min. Nevertheless, predicted DLE never exceeded measured times and thus the prediction was always safe from the occupational point of view.