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Integrated precipitable water from GPS observations and CIMEL sunphotometer measurements at CGO Belsk

Kruczyk M., Liwosz T., Pietruczuk A.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2017

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Vol. 103

46--65

EN

This paper describes results of integrated precipitable water co-located measurements from two techniques: GPS solution and CIMEL-318 sun-photometer. Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW) is an important meteorological parameter and is derived from GPS tropospheric solutions for GPS station at Central Geophysical Observatory (CGO), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Belsk and compared with sunphotometer (CIMEL-318 device by Cimel Electronique) data provided by Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). Two dedicated and independent GPS solutions: network solution in the sub-network of European Permanent Network (EPN) and precise point positioning solution have been made to obtain tropospheric delays. The quality of dedicated tropospheric solutions has been verified by comparison with EPN tropospheric combined product. Several IPW comparisons and analyses revealed systematic difference between techniques (difference RMS is over 1 mm). IPW bias changes with season: annual close to 1 mm IPW (and semi-annual term also present). IPW bias is a function of atmospheric temperature. Probable cause of this systematic deficiency in solar photometry as IPW retrieval technique is a change of optical filter characteristics in CIMEL.

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Long series of GNSS Integrated Precipitable Water as a climate change indicator

Kruczyk M.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2015

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Vol. 99

1--18

EN

This paper investigates information potential contained in tropospheric delay product for selected International GNSS Service (IGS) stations in climatologic research. Long time series of daily averaged Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW) can serve as climate indicator. The seasonal model of IPW change has been adjusted to the multi-year series (by the least square method). Author applied two modes: sinusoidal and composite (two or more oscillations). Even simple sinusoidal seasonal model (of daily IPW values series) clearly represents diversity of world climates. Residuals in periods from 10 up to 17 years are searched for some long-term IPW trend – self-evident climate change indicator. Results are ambiguous: for some stations or periods IPW trends are quite clear, the following years (or the other station) not visible. Method of fitting linear trend to IPW series does not influence considerably the value of linear trend. The results are mostly influenced by series length, completeness and data (e.g. meteorological) quality. The longer and more homogenous IPW series, the better chance to estimate the magnitude of climatologic IPW changes.

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Integrated Precipitable Water Vapour measurements at Polish Polar Station Hornsund from GPS observations verified by aerological techniques

Kruczyk M., Liwosz T.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2015

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Vol. 98

1--17

EN

We present results of the comparison of integrated precipitable water measurements from GPS solution and aerological techniques: CIMEL-318 sun-photometer and radiosoundings (RAOB). Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW) - important meteorological parameter is derived from GPS tropospheric solutions by known procedure for GPS station at Polish Polar Station, Hornsund (Svalbard). The relation between 2 m temperature and the mean temperature of atmosphere above, used to convert from wet part of tropospheric delay (ZWD) to IPW, has been derived using local radiosonde data at Ny Alesund. Sunphotometer data have been provided by AERONET. Quality of dedicated tropospheric solutions has been verified by comparison with EPN tropospheric combined product. Several IPW comparisons and analyses lead to determination of systematic difference between techniques: GPS IPW and sunphotometer data (not present in case of RAOBs). IPW measured by CIMEL is on average 5% bigger (0.5 mm) than IPW from GPS. This bias changes seasonally and is a function of atmospheric temperature what signals some systematic deficiencies in solar photometry as IPW retrieval technique. CIMEL IPW show some temperature dependent bias also in relation to radiosoundings.

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Tropospheric delay from EPN reprocessing by WUT LAC as valuable data source - in comparison to operational EPN products and aerological data

Kruczyk M., Liwosz T.

Reports on Geodesy

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2012

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z. 1/92

109--122

EN

Standard EPN tropospheric products still show some discrepancies, prominent especially before GPS week 1400. It was one of the motives of massive reprocessing projects organised in the frame of both IGS and EPN. WUT LAC is one of Analysis Centers actively participating in EPN Reprocessing Campaign. Both operational tropospheric products and reprocessing campaign were manifold analysed. Properties of information carried in ZTD estimates were investigated both in ZTD solutions and in the form of IPW (Integrated Precipitable Water). Independent aerological data sources - radiosounding and CIMEL-318 sunphotometer were used for external verification. Authors demonstrate some results convincingly demonstrating value of reprocessed tropospheric product. Tropospheric solutions from reprocessing compared to meteorological data demonstrate better conformity. Most important application of long series ZTD’s of uniform quality is climatology. Search for climate change signal in IPW series is possible only with a reliable tropospheric solution. Reprocessing campaign results meet this requirement.