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1 Autex Research Journal

1 2007

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Evaluating the toxicity of reactive dyes and dyed fabrics with the Hepa-1 cytotoxicity test

Klemola K., Pearson J., Von Wright A., Liesivuori J., Lindström-Seppä P.

Autex Research Journal

2007

Vol. 7, no. 3

224--230

We investigated the cytotoxicity of reactive dyes and dyed fabrics using an in vitro hepa-1 cytotoxicity test. Hepa-1-mouse cells were exposed to three monochlortriazinyl dyes: yellow, red and blue with different concentrations. The hepa-1-mouse cells were also exposed to water extracts of dyed fabrics. After 72 hours exposure, the viability of the cells was detected by measuring the protein content of the cells. The mean inhibitory concentration IC50, which shows the sample concentration when the protein content is 50%, was compared to the total protein content of the non-exposed cells. The inhibitory concentration IC20 value, which shows the sample concentration when the protein content is 80%, was also measured. The IC20 value shows the limiting value of low toxicity. The values measured showed high toxic effects of the dyes. The blue dye was shown to be the most toxic, although the red dye showed toxicity at the lowest concentrations. Wheras the pure dyes showed toxicity under low concentrations, the dyed fabrics showed no toxicity. The hepa-1 cytotoxicity test and the spermatozoa motility inhibition test supported each other, giving similar results. Both tests can be used when studying the toxicity of textile substances.