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Evaluating the environmental costs in Poland of city buses meeting the Euro VI norm based on tests in real operating conditions

Rymaniak Łukasz, Fuć Paweł, Lijewski Piotr, Kamińska Michalina, Daszkiewicz Paweł, Ziółkowski Andrzej

Archives of Transport

2019

Vol. 52, iss. 4

109--115

The article analyzes the environmental costs which consisted of determining the annual cost for gases and particles released into the atmosphere by city buses meeting the Euro VI norm. To this end, exhaust emissions of a city bus equipped with a conventional drive system were performed. The vehicle had a length of 18m and was powered by a CI engine with a swept volume of 10,5 dm3, with a maximum power of 240 kW. In order to measure the ecological indicators, tests were performed in real driving conditions using the PEMS system. The apparatus made it possible to measure the concentration of gaseous compounds and particulate matter in the exhaust, which made it possible to determine the road exhaust emissions of the tested vehicle. The research was carried out on a test route including urban and suburban roads in accordance with legislative guidelines. The measurements showed that the bus met the exhaust emission limits determined on the basis of measuring windows defined in relation to the work generated by the drive system. In addition to information on the emissivity of the vehicle, the annual emissions from city buses meeting the Euro VI standard in Poland were also estimated. The information contained in the central vehicle register for the number of vehicles registered in Poland that meet the latest emission standards has been used for this purpose.

Metody ograniczenia emisji zanieczyszczeń z silników pojazdów HDV spełniających normę Euro VI

Merkisz J., Siedlecki M., Ziółkowski A., Fuć P., Lijewski P.

Combustion Engines

2015

R. 54, nr 3

480--486

Wprowadzenie normy Euro VI spowodowało dalsze zmniejszenie limitów emisji związków toksycznych dla silników pojazdów HDV. Metody pozwalające na spełnienie obecnych norm są pewnego rodzaju kompromisem przy zmniejszaniu ilość składników toksycznych i szkodliwych gazów wylotowych. Szczególnym problemem dla producentów jest zmniejszenie emisji tlenków azotu. W artykule zaprezentowano metody ograniczania emisji tego związku oraz innych składników gazów wylotowych najnowszymi dostępnymi metodami pozasilnikowymi. Opisano przegląd rozwiązań stosowanych przez producentów różnych silników spełniających normę EURO VI montowanych w pojazdach ciężkich HDV.

The introduction of Euro VI resulted in a further reduction in toxic emission limits for HDV engines. Methods of meeting the existing standards are a kind of a compromise in reducing the amount of toxic elements and harmful exhaust gases. A particular problem for manufacturers is the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides. This article presents methods of reducing the emissions of this compound, and other components of exhaust gases using the latest available methods. An overview of the solutions used by manufacturers of various engines that meet the Euro VI standard used in HDVs was described.

Virtual Vehicle-Driving cycle application for measuring emission and fuel consumption on HDVS

Kadlecek B., Pejsa L., Pexa M.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

2002

nr 4(16)

40-42

This proposed methodology is a simple, cost-effective and user friendly alternative to the ECE R83.03. It is suitable/or basic measurements and vehicle diagnostic applications in service centers measurements. The methodology makes use of the quasi-static method. Measurements are carried out without the use of the Power Absorption Dynamometer. A narrow rotational frequency range is measured at a given time, and builds on gradually to successive measurements. Power is not transmitted through the driving wheels. For adhesion, it is not necessary to load the vehicle and the method can be suitably applied to HDV measuring. Test results are registered in grams of emission and fuel consumption per distance traveled in conformity with random loading of a defined driving cycle. The driving cycle is realized in a virtual way by measurements arrived at in the field of variables. Precision of the measurements depends on the sensor used and is comparable to the precision of the measurements made on chassis dynamometer.