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Piractwo somalijskie

Banasiewicz Paulina, Gramala Sara

Roczniki Studenckie Akademii Wojsk Lądowych

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2020

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R. 4

45--58

PL

Piractwo jest bardzo ważnym problemem, które pośrednio dotyczy, praktycznie każdego człowieka. Każdy korzysta bowiem z dóbr, które były transportowane drogą morską. Morza i oceany zajmują bardzo dużą powierzchnię kuli ziemskiej, społeczeństwo nie jest w stanie ich kontrolować. Geneza piractwa wiąże się bezpośrednio z powstaniem żeglugi morskiej, świadczy to o tym, iż ludzie od zarania dziejów muszą zmagać się z tym problemem. Szczególnie niebezpiecznym regionem w kwestii piractwa jest Ocean Indyjski, Zatoka Adeńska i Róg Afryki. Zaangażowanie organizacji międzynarodowych sprawiło, iż obecnie piractwo na tych obszarach ustępuje, nie zmienia to faktu, iż należy nieustannie kontrolować sytuację i inwigilować obiekty, które przemieszczają się tamtejszymi trasami.

EN

Piracy is a very important problem that indirectly affects practically every person. Everyone uses the goods that were transported by sea. The origin of piracy is related to the emergence of shipping. A particulary dangerous area for piracy is the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Aden and the Horn of Africa. Due to the involvement of international organizations, piracy in these areas is now subsiding, but this doesn't change the fact that the situation should be constantly monitored and objects that move along these routes must be constantly monitored.

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Operation ATALANTA at the Horn of Africa – The german contribution to the first maritime operation of the European Union

Reininghaus F

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2014

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nr 84

134--151

EN

The international community has shown that it can provide maximum protection from pirate attacks, with a coordinated use of available units, i.e. ships and aircraft, for monitoring the Gulf of Aden and the Somali Basin. The German Navy has participated in Operation ATALANTA since December 2008, so this article will evaluate the German involvement in respect to - the legal basis, quoting the respective UN Security Council Resolutions, - the tasks of Operation ATALANTA, i.e. protection of vessels of the World Food Programme and prevention and suppression of acts of piracy, - the organisational structure of ATALANTA, - the overall composition of the EU Naval Force, provided by ten EU Member States and Norway. ATALANTA is not the only operation in the region Horn of Africa / Gulf of Aden, so one chapter is dedicated to further operations: ENDURING FREEDOM, ALLIED PROVIDER / ALLIED PROTECTOR / OCEAN SHIELD, “Combined / Coalition Maritime Forces” and individual missions from countries sending out ships and / or aircraft for the protection of national interests and / or the protection of national merchant ships. It is not only the Navy engaged in the region, but there is further German engagement, with EUCAP NESTOR and European Union Training Mission (EUTM) Somalia. There are always challenges and room for improvement, so the efforts of the international community have and must continue to contribute to the stabilization of Somalia. The number of attacks, and in particular the successful hijackings, have declined since December 2008 and are almost down to zero by now. Despite all the success it must be first priority for the international community to improve conditions in Somalia. The shifting of piracy activities from the Horn of Africa to the Gulf of Guinea is discussed in the outlook.

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Technological Advances and Efforts to Reduce Piracy

Perkovic M., Twrdy E., Harsch R., Vidmar P., Gucma M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2012

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Vol. 6, no. 2

203--206

EN

The technological contributions to the reduction of piracy not only involve implementations of recent technological advances, but, importantly, the dissemination of the education required to apply current and future technologies, particularly in those states in the regions where piracy is rampant. To this end, the EU’s MARSIC project, with the stated aim of enhancing security and safety in the Gulf of Aden and the western Indian Ocean through ‘..information sharing and capacity building, (and) highlighting regional coop-eration’ (Marsic 1st monitoring report, 2010) has recently been inaugurated. The Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport of the University of Ljubljana, and the Maritime University of Szczecin, as partners in this pro-ject, will bring to bear both the most advanced technological applications to maritime affairs of satellite im-agery, simulation, and risk assessment, and guarantee their utility through the transfer of knowledge. In Yem-en and Djibouti, maritime stations will be established, personnel trained, and a sustainable level of expertise eventually left in place. Interest in such projects has also been expressed by maritime experts in Tanzania and Kenya. The advantage this approach has over other donor-supported solutions begins with regional involve-ment and an inclusive approach, its ultimate success to a large degree dependant on factors external to the project such as financial incentives for the nations of the region to protect European and Far East Asian ship-ping. The project is closely coordinated with a parallel EU-funded project executed by European Commis-sion’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) on maritime surveillance technologies application in the region.

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Influence of Pirates' Activities on Maritime Transport in the Gulf of Aden Region

Duda D., Wardin K.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2012

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Vol. 6, no. 1

109--115

EN

Modern piracy is one of the items appearing on the seas, which has a great impact on maritime transport in many regions of the world. Changes that happened at the end of XX and beginning of XXI centu-ry became significant in the renaissance of piracy. The problem is present in many parts of the world but it become a real threat in year 2008 around a small country of Somalia and in the area called the Horn of Africa especially in the region of Gulf of Aden. Because international waters are very important for maritime transport so pirates’ attacks have great influence over this transport and on international community.

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The Somali Piracy New or Old Challenge for International Community

Duda D., Szubrycht T.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 3

345--352

EN

Nowadays it is obvious that maritime transport is the core element of word economy so each disturbance in the world shipping can create more or less serious problems for world economy, especially now when the world crises appeared. The piracy activities showed that shipping safety in the Gulf of Aden and waters around the Somalia should be considered as an international problem. The Somali piracy has complex reasons, so it is not easy to provide safety of shipping in this region without wide spectrum of action and international cooperation. The paper presents analyze of piracy root in Somalia, the development of piracy activities and steps of international community which should be taken to provide safety and secure shipping in this region.