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2 Polish Journal of Ecology

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Nest site and nest-hole characteristics by Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus major L. in Croatia

Ćiković D., Barišić S., Tutiš V., Kralj J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2014

Vol. 62, nr 2

349--360

Great Spotted Woodpecker is the most abundant and widespread European woodpecker species, and it thus contributes the most to the number of excavated tree holes – an important habitat resource for secondary hole users. However, majority of nest site characteristics data comes from boreal and temperate forests, with lack of information from Southern Europe. In this article, nest sites of the Great Spotted Woodpecker have been investigated in the continental forests of Croatia – a previously understudied area of this species’ range. A total of 41 active nest-holes found in the breeding seasons 2003 and 2004 are described. Nest-holes were mainly positioned below the crowns, in injuries of branch abscission. Nesting tree species were not used randomly: wild cherry Prunus avium in hill and pedunculate oak Quercus robur in riverine forests were preferred while hornbeam Carpinus betulus and maples Acer sp. were avoided. While tree species used for nesting vary across the Great Spotted Woodpecker range, and thus cannot be used as a uniform nest site predictor, defected wood spots on a tree, like scars of branch abscission, are identified as an important nest site clue and a habitat feature that is spatially more consistent. Nestholes’ dimensions acquired in this research could not be clearly differentiated from those given for the other parts of the continent.

Nest-site characteristic of Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major i central Poland

Mazgajski T.

Polish Journal of Ecology

1998

Vol. 46, no 1

33-41

The study was carried out in two nature reserves in Warsaw (central Poland) in 1992-1995. Following aspects of Dendrocopos major nest hole's localisation are describing: tree species, height above the ground, tree trunk girth, condition of tree, tree fragment (in which nest was located) and entrance's exposure. Near all nest's parameters were different between two study areas what suggest that Great Spotted Woodpecker is quite indiscriminate in nest site selection.