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Zróżnicowanie roślinności w obrębie porzuconych cmentarzy ewangelickich na terenie gminy Ryn

Majgier L., Rahmonov O.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

2013

nr 22

63--76

W pracy przedstawiono zróżnicowanie roślinności w obrębie wybranych porzuconych cmentarzy ewangelickich, które po II wojnie światowej utraciły swój pierwotny charakter. Obiekty te ulegają spontanicznej sukcesji roślinności, w wyniku czego wkomponowały się w krajobraz i straciły swój pierwotny charakter obszaru sakralnego. Do badań wytypowano różnowiekowe cmentarze. Na wszystkich obiektach stwierdzono występowanie 197 gatunków roślin naczyniowych reprezentujących różne jednostki syntaksonomiczne. Różnorodność gatunkowa jest związana z wiekiem cmentarzy oraz ich sąsiedztwem z obszarami leśnymi i uprawami rolnymi. Na trzech cmentarzach obserwuje się zaawansowane procesy zarastania i formowania się lasów. Na pozostałych cmentarzach dominują płaty sztucznie wprowadzonych ozdobnych gatunków roślin spotykanych na obiektach sakralnych.

The paper presents vegetation differentiation within selected abandoned evangelical cemeteries, which after World War II ceased to function. From mentioned period they began to spontaneously overgrow by vegetation. Recently, as a result of ecological succession cemeteries transformed and composed in the surrounding landscape and lost its original character as a sacred area. To the research were chosen small and with different ages cemeteries which moreover are diverse in the location in the landscape. As a result of research at all investigated objects were found 197 species of vascular plants. The vegetation diversity is related to the age of cemeteries and their neighborhoods ecosystems like forest and agricultural crops. The research showed that on 3 cemeteries final successional stage took place in forest direction. On the other cemeteries has dominated artificially introduced decorative plant species common encountered on sacral objects.

Prawne podstawy ochrony i kształtowania krajobrazu Krainy Wielkich Jezior Mazurskich

Gadomska W.

Architektura Krajobrazu

2011

nr 4

85--93

The dissertation cites the basic legal regulations governing landscape conservation and management, including the extent to which they are formally binding and affecting the landscape of the Great Masurian Lake District. The extent to which these legal regulations govern the area has been presented graphically on a map depicting the analyzed land. Taking into the consideration the legislative source of particular legal acts as well as the extent to which they govern the whole district, a picture of legally protected nature areas has been obtained, including the specific features and the weight of each nature protection act. In parallel, the status of spatial zoning has been examined in the communes (gmina) situated in the analyzed area and the way administrative decisions are actually passed by the supervising district administrative units (starostwo). The analysis presented in this article enables the author to formulate a general conclusion that the question of 'landscape protection' is largely a consequence of the lexical function of this term in each of the currently binding legal regulations. It is difficult to establish common ground for all the binding regulations in order to achieve a successful and multi-facet conservation of landscape values. The existing law does not prevent degradation (unfortunately already visible in many places) of the unique landscape unless the local governments of each of the analyzed communes will actively and purposefully participate in nature protection.