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Determination of geometric parameters of highways using classical and modern technologies

Alpyspayeva Zhuldyz, Parkhomenko Natalya, Kazhapovna-Makenova Saule, Świerczyńska Ewa Joanna, Kowalska Maria Elżbieta, Zaczek-Peplinska Janina

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2025

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Vol. 119

30--38

EN

Road upgrading to increase freight and passenger transport capacity requires surveying services, carried out at every stage of construction. During the construction of road sections designed as curves or arcs, their shape must be constantly monitored. During surveying, it is necessary to determine the elements of curves, in particular the radius and length of the curve, as well as the bisector, tangents, and angle of return of the tangents. The article presents a methodology for determining the radii of curves on highways using a GNSS system receiver with planar rectangular coordinates derived through post-processing using the Trimble Geomatics Office (TGO) software. In addition, the authors present the results of measurements of the height markers of the bottom layer of the substructure on the section from measuring point 1015+40 to measuring point 1020+00 of the Astana-Petropavlovsk highway. On the test object, tests were carried out on the technical condition of the pavement. The results were determined by the parameter. The highway section was also examined geometrically on the basis of levelling measurements. The paper proposes a methodology for road construction work that divides the measurements into two stages: initial — based on GNSS technology, and a second one — based on the levelling method.

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Elevation only vs full PCC models - the impact on positioning

Dawidowicz Karol, Baryła Radosław

GIS Odyssey Journal

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2025

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Vol. 5, no. 1

213--226

EN

Antenna phase center corrections (PCC) are now mandatory for high-accuracy Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications. Such corrections are being created nowadays using an anechoic chamber or an outdoor robot calibration method. Based on these two methods, PCCs are created in the function of the zenith angle and azimuth of the incoming GNSS signal. However, some antennas still lack complete PCC as both approaches are time and money-consuming. In the case of some antennas, mostly low-cost ones, no real phase center location information is provided. For another group of antennas, so-called elevation-only PCC derived from relative outdoor calibration is available. Elevation-only PCC, after transformation, could be utilized together with full PCC models in common GNSS observation processing. In the publication, the authors analyzed the differences resulting from the use of elevation-only instead of full PCC models. Values of such differences can be treated as a bias introduced into the solution due to the use of simplified PCCs. The results obtained prove that in the analyzed case study, such biases are negligible and do not exceed 1 mm in any case.

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Implementation of the dual quaternion algorithm for 3D similarity-based coordinate transformation between Ghana’s local geodetic datum and WGS84

Ziggah Yao Yevenyo, Mantey Saviour, Laari Prosper Basommi

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2024

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Vol. 118

127--135

EN

Modern surveying practice has embraced the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology due to its attainable precision and uncomplicated functionality. The adoption of this technology has therefore necessitated the transformation of coordinates between satellite-based and classical geodetic reference datums. It is known that the 3D similarity-based transformation models are the most widely used in the literature. However, one major limitation of such models is the representation of point rotations in space using Euler angles connected to X, Y, and Z-axes, which often leads to matrix singularities. To overcome this mathematical inconvenience, the dual quaternion is proposed. This paper implements the dual quaternion algorithm to transform coordinates between the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) and Ghana War Office 1926. To perform the transformation, 31 common points were divided into two parts: reference and check points. The reference points, consisting of 24 common points that are evenly distributed across Ghana, were used to derive the transformation parameters. The remaining 7 points were used to evaluate the derived transformation parameters. The results confirmed that the coordinates transformed by the dual quaternion algorithm are in average agreement with the measured coordinates, with precision and accuracy levels of about 0.580 m and 1.023 m. The obtained results follow the Bursa-Wolf model that is already used by the Ghana Survey and Mapping Division to perform 3D transformations. Hence, the results satisfy cadastral applications, geographic information works, reconnaissance, land information system works and small-scale topographic surveys in Ghana.