Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Rozwój koncepcji bezzałogowego holownika szybowców i dronów towarowych o napędzie elektrycznym

Jafernik Henryk, Muszyński Tomasz, Puzio Łukasz

Przegląd Komunikacyjny

|

2022

|

R. 77, nr 2/3

10--15

PL

W artykule przedstawiono kilka wybranych propozycji zastosowań BSP rozwijanych w Polsce. Przedstawiono opis projektu bezzałogowego holownika, nowego rozwiązania technicznego, zgłoszonego do urzędu patentowego w grudniu 2017 roku i rozwijanego do chwili obecnej. Proponowany system holu składa się z uniwersalnej stacji naziemnej kontroli lotów bezzałogowców, BSP-holownika i dodatkowego systemu sterowania umieszczonego na obiekcie holowanym. Proponowane rozwiązanie ma na celu zmniejszenie kosztów eksploatacji oraz poprawę osiągów statków powietrznych o napędzie elektrycznym.

EN

The article presents a few selected ideas for AUV usage which are being developed in Poland as well as the description of a project of an unmanned tug, a new technological solution which was submitted to the Patent Office in December 2017 and which has been being developed since then. The proposed towing system consists of a universal ground-based air traffic control station for unmanned flights, an AUV-tug and an additional control system placed on the towed object. The proposed solution aims at maintenance costs reduction and increase of performance of aircrafts with electric drive.

2

Experimental studies on the relationship between HDOP and position error in the GPS system

Specht Mariusz

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2022

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Vol. 29, nr 1

17--36

EN

2D position error in the Global Positioning System GPS depends on the horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP) and User Equivalent Range Error UERE. The non-dimensional HDOP coeffcient, determining the influence of satellite distribution on the positioning accuracy, can be calculated exactly for a given moment in time. However, the UERE value is a magnitude variable in time, especially due to errors in radio propagation (ionosphere and troposphere effects) and it cannot be precisely predicted. The variability of the UERE causes the actual measurements (despite an exact theoretical mathematical correlation between the HDOP value and the position error) to indicate that position errors differ for the same HDOP value. The aim of this article is to determine the relation between the GPS position error and the HDOP value. It is possible only statistically, based on an analysis of an exceptionally large measurement sample. To this end, measurement results of a 10-day GPS measurement campaign (900,000 fixes) have been used. For HDOP values (in the range of 0.6-1.8), position errors were recorded and analysed to determine the statistical distribution of GPS position errors corresponding to various HDOP values. The experimental study and statistical analyses showed that the most common HDOP values in the GPS system are magnitudes of: 0.7 (𝑝 = 0.353) and 0.8 (𝑝 = 0.432). Only 2.77% of fixes indicated an HDOP value larger than 1. Moreover, 95% of measurements featured a geometric coeffcient of 0.973 - this is why it can be assumed that in optimal conditions (without local terrain obstacles), the GPS system is capable of providing values of HDOP ≤ 1, with a probability greater than 95% (2𝜎). Obtaining a low HDOP value, which results in a low GPS position error value, calls for providing a high mean number of satellites (12 or more) and low variability in their numer.

3

A review of the importance of synchrophasor technology, smart grid, and applications

Baba Maveeya, Nor Nursyarizal B. M., Sheikh Aman, Nowakowski Grzegorz, Masood Faisal, Rehman Masood, Irfan Muhammad, Arefin Ahmed Amirul, Kumar Rahul, Baba A. Momin

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 6

art. no. e143826

EN

The electrical network is a man-made complex network that makes it difficult to monitor and control the power system with traditional monitoring devices. Traditional devices have some limitations in real-time synchronization monitoring which leads to unwanted behavior and causes new challenges in the operation and control of the power systems. A Phasor measurement unit (PMU) is an advanced metering device that provides an accurate real-time and synchronized measurement of the voltage and current waveforms of the buses in which the PMU devices are directly connected in the grid station. The device is connected to the busbars of the power grid in the electrical distribution and transmission systems and provides time-synchronized measurement with the help of the Global Positioning System (GPS). However, the implementation and maintenance cost of the device is not bearable for the electrical utilities. Therefore, in recent work, many optimization approaches have been developed to overcome optimal placement of PMU problems to reduce the overall cost by providing complete electrical network observability with a minimal number of PMUs. This research paper reviews the importance of PMU for the modern electrical power system, the architecture of PMU, the differences between PMU, micro-PMU, SCADA, and smart grid (SG) relation with PMU, the sinusoidal waveform, and its phasor representation, and finally a list of PMU applications. The applications of PMU are widely involved in the operation of power systems ranging from power system control and monitor, distribution grid control, load shedding control and analyses, and state estimation which shows the importance of PMU for the modern world.

4

Modelling GPS positioning performance in Northwest Passage during extreme space weather conditions

Špoljar D., Jukić O., Sikirica N., Lenac K., Filjar R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 1

165--169

EN

New shipping routes are emerging as a result of iceberg melting in polar regions, allowing for more efficient transport of people and goods. Opening of the Northwest Passage, the maritime route connecting Pacific Ocean with Atlantic Ocean through Arctic region, is considered such a development. The increasing transport exploitation of the Northwest Passage requires the quality assessment of maritime navigation aids for compliance with the established requirements. Here we contribute to the subject with addressing the polar commercial-grade GPS positioning performance in the Northwest Passage in the extreme positioning environment conditions during the massive 2003 space weather storm, a space weather event similar to the Carrington Storm of 1859, the largest space weather event recorded. The GPS positioning environment in the Northwest Passage during the Carrington-like storm in 2003 was reconstructed through the GNSS SDR receiver-post processing of the experimental GPS observations. The raw GPS dual-frequency pseudoranges and navigation messages were collected at the International GNSS Service (IGS) reference station at Ulukhaktok, Victoria Island, Canada. Pseudorange processing and GPS position estimation were performed in three scenarios of pre-mitigation of the ionospheric effects, known as the single major contributor GPS positioning error: (i) no corrections applied, (ii) Klobuchar-based corrected GPS positioning, and (iii) dual-frequency corrected GPS positioning. Resulting GPS positioning error vectors were derived as positioning error residuals from the known reference station position. Statistical properties of the northing, easting, and vertical components of the GPS positioning error vector were analyzed with a software developed in the R environment for statistical computing to select suitable methods for the GPS positioning error prediction model development. The analysis also identified the most suitable theoretical fit for experimental statistical distributions to assist the model development. Finally, two competitive GPS positioning error prediction models were developed, based on the exponential smoothing (reference) and the generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) (alternative) methods. Their properties were assessed to recommend their use as mitigation methods for adverse massive space weather effects in polar regions.

5

GPS Synchronization of audio watermarks in the Maritime Automatically Identified Radiotelephony

Shyshkin O. V., Koshevyy V. M., Ryaboshapka I. V.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 2

307--312

EN

Audio watermarking (AW) technology in cooperation with GPS synchronization of watermarked frames is proposed for application in the maritime VHF communication for automatic identification of radiotelephone messages. Automatic identification ensures efficient messaging from the very beginning of a radio transmission, while eliminating the human factor inherent in voice identification. AW refers to inaudible embedding of additional data just into the post microphone signal, using standard marine installations without any additional radio channel resources. The designed algorithm is based on data embedding in the Fast Fourier Transform domain with the rate of 32 bit/s. The experimental prototype of the device is designed on the base of micro-controller development kit 32F429IDISCOVERY and GPS module NEO-6M-0-001. Designed system, applied for automatic ship’s identification, provides the full compatibility with the existing radio installation, and does not require replacement of standard VHF transceivers and operational procedures. Besides automatic identification the system may be used in the special applications, for example, by the threat of terrorist attack; generally contributes to navigation safety and information security.

6

VR teleoperation to support a GPS-free positioning system in a marine environment

Lager M., Topp E. A., Malec J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2020

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Vol. 14. no. 4

789--798

EN

Small autonomous surface vehicles (ASV) will need both teleoperation support and redundant positioning technology to comply with expected future regulations. When at sea, they are limited by a satellite communication link with low throughput. We have designed and implemented a graphical user interface (GUI) for teleoperation using a communication link with low throughput, and one positioning system, independent of the Global Positioning System (GPS), supported by the teleoperation tool. We conducted a user study (N=16), using real-world data from a field trial, to validate our approach, and to compare two variants of the graphical user interface (GUI). The users experienced that the tool gives a good overview, and despite the connection with the low throughput, they managed through the GUI to significantly improve the positioning accuracy.

7

An influence of the covariance between single orbit parameters on the accuracy of observations of the pseudo-ranges and phase differences

Skeivalas Jonas, Paršeliūnas Eimuntas, Putrimas Raimundas, Šlikas Dominykas

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 1

131--140

EN

The possibilities to improve values of the satellite orbit elements by employing the pseudo-ranges and differences of carrier phase frequencies measured at many reference GPS stations are analysed. An improvement of orbit ephemeris is achieved by solving an equation system of corrections of the pseudo-ranges and phase differences with the least-squares method. Also, equations of space coordinates of satellite orbit points expressed by ephemeris at fixed moments are used. The relation between the accuracy of the pseudo-ranges and phase differences and the accuracy of the satellite ephemeris is analysed. Formulae for estimation of the influence of the ephemeris on the measured pseudo-ranges and phase differences and for prediction of the accuracy of the pseudo-ranges and phase differences were obtained. An influence of the covariance between single orbit parameters on the accuracy of the pseudo-ranges and phase differences is detected.

8

Map Matching Algorithm Based on Dynamic Programming Approach

Yumaganov Alexander, Agafonov Anton, Myasnikov Vladislav

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2020

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Vol. 21

563--566

EN

GPS sensors embedded in almost all mobile devices and vehicles generate a large amount of data that can be used in both practical applications and transportation research. Despite the high accuracy of location measurements in 3-5 meters on average, this data can not be used for practical use without preprocessing. The preprocessing step that is needed to identify the correct path as a sequence of road segments by a series of location measurements and road network data is called map matching. In this paper, we consider the offline map matching problem in which the whole trajectory is processed after it has been collected. We propose a map matching algorithm based on a dynamic programming approach. The experimental studies on the dataset collected in Samara, Russia, showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms other comparable algorithms in terms of accuracy.

9

MOPS - a feasibility study for working with GPS and sensor data in a medical context

Meigen Christof, Vogel Mandy, Bumberger Jan

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2019

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Vol. 18

621--624

EN

New kinds of data collection like GPS-tracking, wearable sensors and mobile apps impose both technical and privacy challanges for medical research. In the MOPS study (''Machbarkeitsstudie für Ortsbezogene Parameter und Sensordaten'' - feasibility study for geocoded parameters and sensor data) we provide participants with a newly developed app and sensors for various physical and environmental parameters. We want to explore the feasibility of the recently established Medical Research Platform of the Medical Faculty of the University of Leipzig and similar platforms for this kind of data collection and processing.

10

GPS/GNSS spoofing and the real-time single-antenna-based spoofing detection system

Ochin E.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2017

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nr 52 (124)

145--153

EN

The idea of C/A codes GPS/GNSS Spoofing (Substitution), or the ability to mislead a satellite navigation receiver into establishing a position or time fix which is incorrect, has been gaining attention as spoofing has become more sophisticated. Various techniques have been proposed to detect if a receiver is being spoofed – with varying degrees of success and computational complexity. If the jammer signals are sufficiently plausible then the GNSS receiver may not realize it has been duped. There are various means of detecting spoofing activity and hence providing effective mitigation methods. In this paper, a novel signal processing method applicable to a single antenna handset receiver for spoofing detection has been described. Mathematical models and algorithms have been developed to solve the problems of satellite navigation safety. What has been considered in the paper is a spoofing detection algorithm based on the analysis of a civil satellite signal generated by mobile C/A GPS/GNSS single-antenna receivers. The work has also served to refine the civilian spoofing threat assessment by demonstrating the challenges involved in mounting a spoofing attack.

11

The determination of inland vessel’s maneuvering area using GPS

Sobkowicz P.

TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego

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2016

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R. 23, nr 12

200--204

EN

The article discusses issues relating to the determination of a maneuvering area of an inland vessel. The author presents the methodology for defining the vessel's swept path width through simulation and field studies. The Global Positioning System has been characterized in view of possible use of GPS RTK to determine a safe maneuvering area of a ship sailing on inland waterway. The author also explains the procedure of measurements using GPS RTK and discusses problems that may be encountered during tests.

PL

W artykule omówiona została problematyka określania obszaru manewrowego statku śródlądowego. Przedstawiono metodologię określania szerokości pasa ruchu jednostki za pomocą badań symulacyjnych oraz rzeczywistych. Scharakteryzowano Globalny System Pozycjonowania i zaprezentowano możliwość wykorzystania GPS RTK do określania bezpiecznego obszaru manewrowego statku w żegludze śródlądowej. Omó-wiono procedurę wykonywania pomiarów za pomocą GPS RTK oraz problemy jakie można napotkać podczas przeprowadzania badań.

12

GPS- Globalny System Pozycjonowania

Matczak J.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 3

3101--3109, CD 1

PL

W artykule przedstawiono genezę powstania Systemu Globalnej Nawigacji – GPS oraz kolejne etapy jego rozwoju. Omówiono jego budowę i sposób funkcjonowania. Przedstawiono i omówiono segmenty składowe systemu. Opisano wykorzystywane urządzenia oraz metody określania pozycji. Wskazano na ograniczenia funkcjonalności systemu. Przedstawiono możliwe do osiągnięcia dokładności określania pozycji. Wskazano sposoby podwyższenia dokładności pomiarów poprzez zastosowanie technologii wymiany danych. Omówiono zarówno zakres, jak i sposoby wykorzystania Globalnego Systemu Pozycjonowania. Przedstawiono jego rolę w zastosowaniach o charakterze cywilnym w szeroko pojętej gospodarce. Wskazano inne systemy nawigacji satelitarne. Określono tendencje rozwoju technologii nawigacji satelitarnej.

EN

The article presents the history of the GPS System - GPS and the successive stages of its development. The design and operation are discussed. Author indicated and discussed about sub-segment of the system. Article describes the equipment used and the method of determining the position. Author pointed the limitations of the system functionality. Possibilities to achieve the accuracy of the positioning have been presented. Author identified ways to increase the accuracy of the measurements through the use of data exchange technology. Article deals with both the scope and methods of use of the Global Positioning System. The role in civilian applications in the wider economy have been presented. Other satellite navigation systems have been also . indicated. Trends in the development of satellite navigation technologies have been discussed in the paper.

13

Modern tendention in the use of gps technology in tourism industry

Savchuk V., Pasichnyk V.

ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes

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2015

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Vol. 4, No 3

65--72

EN

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of GPS-technology (Global Positioning System) in the tourism industry. The study is devoted to the identification and analysis of functionality of mobile computing devices equipped with GPS receiver in tourism industry, the methods and means of their implementation, building on this basis a mobile information technology for tourist support at all stages of his journey. To achieve the goal a number of mobile information systems using data GPS, methods and means of their implementation, a comparative analysis of current cartographic services that are used in the developing of mobile information technology applications for tourist are analyzed. The study outlines the place of GPS-technology in the "Mobile tourist information assistant" system, and the role of Google Maps services for information technology support and implementation of the main tourist features in mentioned mobile information system.

14

Ionospheric Time-delay over Akure Using Global Positioning System Observations

Bolaji O. S., Izang P. A., Oladosu O. R., Koya F., Fayose R. S., Rabiu A. B.

Acta Geophysica

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2015

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Vol. 63, no. 3

884--899

EN

Ionospheric time delay (VΔt) variability using Global Positioning System (GPS) data over Akure (7.15°N, 5.12°E), Nigeria, has been studied. The observed variability of VΔt in comparison to older results of vertical total electron content (TEC) across similar regions has shown equivalent signatures. Higher monthly mean values of VΔt (MVΔt) were observed during daytime as compared to nighttime (pre- and post- midnight) hours in all months. The highest MVΔt observed in September during daytime hours range between ~6 and ~21 ns (~1.80 and ~6.30 m) and at post-midnight, they are in the range of ~1 to ~6 ns (~0.3 to ~1.80 m). The possible mechanisms responsible for this variability were discussed. Seasonal VΔt were investigated as well.

15

Komercyjne systemy radiolokalizacyjne

Gilski P., Katulski R. J., Stefański J.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2014

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nr 12

1443--1448

PL

Przedstawiono przegląd wybranych komercyjnych systemów radiolokalizacyjnych pracujących w środowisku wewnątrzbudynkowym oraz zewnątrzbudynkowym. Opisano podstawy i zasady działania usług lokalizacyjnych oraz mechanizmy przetwarzania informacji w systemach GIS.

EN

In this paper we present a currently available radio location systems operating in both indoor and outdoor environments. We explain the fundamentals and operating principles of location-based services as well as information processing mechanisms in GIS systems.

16

Quality assessment of the homogeneous coordinate time series of eastern European GNSS stations in the IGS05 reference frame

Ishchenko M.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2014

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Vol. 49, No. 3

137--150

EN

For the first time, a homogeneous coordinate solution in the IGS05 reference frame and the values of the zenith tropospheric refraction for the GPS weeks 935-1399 (from December 12, 1997 to November 4, 2006) were obtained at the GNSS Data Center Analysis of the Main Astronomical Observatory NAS of Ukraine. The obtained solution is devoid of effects, brought by changes in the methods of processing models, a priori data and software (absolute phase center model combinations of antenna-dome instead of relative models, model of ocean loading FES2004 instead of GOT00.2_PP, the elevations cut-off angle 3° instead of 10°, etc. were used). To estimate the quality of the solution, a comparison with the international combined solutions using the Helmert transformation was carried out. The RMS of direct station coordinate differences and correlation coefficients between the solutions estimated by the Main Astronomical Observatory, European GNSS Permanent Network and International GNSS Service are presented. The obtained results allow making the conclusion that the solution obtained at the GNSS Data Center Analysis of the Main Astronomical Observatory shows a good quality and agrees well with other solutions.

17

Positional accuracy of GPS satellite almanac

Ma L., Zhou S.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2014

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Vol. 49, No. 4

225--231

EN

How to accelerate signal acquisition and shorten starting time are key problems in the Global Positioning System (GPS). GPS satellite almanac plays an important role in signal reception period. Almanac accuracy directly affects the speed of GPS signal acquisition, the start time of the receiver, and even the system performance to some extent. Combined with precise ephemeris products released by the International GNSS Service (IGS), the authors analyse GPS satellite almanac from the first day to the third day in the 1805th GPS week (from August 11 to 13, 2014 in the Gregorian calendar). The results show that mean of position errors in three-dimensional coordinate system varies from about 1 kilometer to 3 kilometers, which can satisfy the needs of common users.

18

GNSS positioning algorithms using methods of reference point indicators

Oszczak B.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2014

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Vol. 49, No. 1

21--32

EN

The GNSS standard positioning solution determines the coordinates of the GNSS receiver and the receiver clock offset from measurements of at least four pseudoranges. For GNSS positioning, a direct solution was derived for five and ten observed satellites without linearisation of the observation equations and application of the least squares method. The article presents the basic principles of methods for solving the positioning problem, the formulas and their derivation. The numerical examples with simulated pseudorange data confirm the correct performance of the proposed algorithm. The presented algorithms should be further tested with real measurements in other domains of positioning and navigation as well.

19

O systemie GPS i analitycznej metodzie rozwiązywania charakterystycznego dla niego układu czterech równań nieliniowych

Rosłoniec S.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2013

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nr 4

104--110

PL

Omówiono strukturę organizacyjną i zasadę działania nawigacyjnego systemu GPS. Sformułowany dla tego systemu układ czterech równań nieliniowych rozwiązano analitycznie. Słuszność wyprowadzonych zależności matematycznych potwierdzono wynikami obliczeń symulacyjnych ilustrujących typowe zadania nawigacyjne.

EN

An organizational structure and principle of operation of the Global Positioning System are described. The set of four pseudo-ranging equations is formulated and solved analytically. For this purpose the method of quadrilateration has beeen used.The validity of all mathematical formulas derived in Section 3 has been confirmed by the results of numerous computer simulations concerning the typical navigation problems.

20

Regional ionosphere modeling in support of IRI and wavelet using GPS observations

Amerian Y., Voosoghi B., Hossainali M.

Acta Geophysica

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2013

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Vol. 61, no. 5

1246--1261

EN

Dual-frequency global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) observations provide most of the input data for development of global ionosphere map (GIM) of vertical total electron content (VTEC). The international GNSS service (IGS) develops different ionosphere products. The IGS tracking network stations are not homogeneously distributed around the world. The large gaps of this network in Middle East, e.g., Iran plateau, reduce the accuracy of the IGS GIMs over this region. Empirical ionosphere models, such as international reference ionosphere (IRI), also provide coarse forecasts of the VTEC values. This paper presents a new regional VTEC model based on the IRI 2007 and global positioning system (GPS) observations from Iranian Permanent GPS Network. The model consists of a given reference part from IRI model and an unknown correction term. Compactly supported base functions are more appropriate than spherical harmonics in regional ionosphere modeling. Therefore, an unknown correction term was expanded in terms of B-spline functions. The obtained results are validated through comparison with the observed VTEC derived from GPS observations.