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Development of the Nash instantaneous unit hydrograph to predict subsurface fow in catchments

Babaali H. R., Sabzevari T., Ghafari S.

Acta Geophysica

2021

Vol. 69, no. 5

1877--1886

For many permeable catchments with proper plant cover, subsurface flows play a key role in generating surface runoff. In this regard, developing subsurface flow models is of great importance and requires further studies. In Dunne-Black mechanism, it is subsurface flow causing saturated zone in hillslopes and generating surface runoff. The Nash model is an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model commonly used to predict the surface runoff. In this study, the Nash model was applied to estimate subsurface flow hydrograph in the catchments. The parameters of the subsurface Nash IUH (SNIUH) model were determined by developing of the subsurface travel time equations with the concept of celerity. The efficiency of the SNIUH model was verified by two rainfall simulator laboratory models. The mean error of the peak subsurface flow estimation ranged from 6.7 to 11.21% for both laboratory models, which was acceptable. Ultimately, the SNIUH model was used to estimate the subsurface flow hydrograph in Heng-Chi and San-Hsia catchments in Taiwan, and the results were compared with results of the subsurface geomorphologic IUH (SGIUH) model. The coefficients of efficiency (CE) of SNIUH were higher than 0.9 in four events for both catchments and the subsurface peak error values were between 10 and 16%.