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Kilka uwag na temat historii ogrodu przy zamku w Janowcu w czasach Firlejów i Lubomirskich

Janowski Piotr Józef

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

2023

Nr 74

143--157

Zagadnienie istnienia ogrodu przy zamku w Janowcu w czasach Firlejów i Lubomirskich pozostawało dotychczas na marginesie dociekań naukowych, a niniejszy artykuł stanowi przyczynek do dalszych badań nad tym tematem. Analiza źródeł archiwalnych połączona z opisem tła historycznego, a także zagadnień z historii sztuki, szczególnie w zakresie twórczości Santi Gucciego, pozwoliła na postawienie hipotezy, że na wschodnim przedpolu zamku w Janowcu w drugiej połowie XVI wieku założono renesansowy ogród ozdobno-użytkowy. Potwierdzono również, że za czasów Lubomirskich w rezydencji janowieckiej uprawiano rośliny egzotyczne eksponowane w okresie letnim zapewne w przestrzeni dziedzińca i ogrodu. Omówiono także dzieje założenia pod koniec XVIII wieku oraz wskazano na możliwość praktycznego wykorzystania części ustaleń autora do wzbogacenia ekspozycji muzealnej zespołu zamkowego w Janowcu – oddziału Muzeum Nadwiślańskiego w Kazimierzu Dolnym.

The issue of the existence of a garden at Janowiec Castle in the times of the Firlej and Lubomirski families has so far remained on the margins of academic inquiry, and this paper is a contribution to further research on this topic. An analysis of archival sources combined with a documentation of the historical background, as well as issues from the history of art, especially with regard to the work of Santi Gucci, allowed the formulation of the hypothesis that a Renaissance ornamental garden was established in the eastern foreground of Janowiec Castle in the second half of the sixteenth century. It was also confirmed that during the time of the Lubomirski family, exotic plants were grown in the Janowiec residence, probably displayed in the courtyard and garden space during summer. This paper also discusses the layout’s history towards the end of the eighteenth century and indicates the possibility of practical use of some of the author’s findings to enrich the museum exhibition of the castle complex in Janowiec—a branch of the Vistula Museum in Kazimierz Dolny.

Uwagi o działalności urbanistycznej oraz architektonicznej Firlejów w XVI w.

Tekielak A.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

1999

R. 96, z. 1-A

121-153

In the 16th century Polish lands underwent a period of intesive urbanization. The process generally involved founding towns on private lands owned by distinguished magnate families. One of them wasthe family of Firlejs. The Firlejs arranged setting upurban centves on their estates. The centres were located according to certain rational economic rules. They were settled on their lands surrounded by villages that were alco their property. These towns served as administrative and economic centers for surrounding estates and also performed a residential function. Among such centres that came into, being owing to the Firlejs were Janowiec, Lubartów, Markuszów, Czemierniki, Baranów, Radomy?l Wielki, Firlej, Firlejów Lwowski, Serock, Kozienice. These private owned urban centers ware established for the sake of profit. They were as source of considerable income for their owners. Apart from building towns, the Firlejs were intensely involved with economy and management of their estates. They erected grand residential castels founded churches and developed education system (Arian grammar school, Calvinist grammar school). They employed the best artist like Santii Gucii, Jan maria Padowano and Filip Canavessi. The majority of the towns built by the Firlejs were to be open to the public as the purpose of their existence was to profit from organizing fains and markets. It took the urban layont of these economic centers a fairy long time to shape. These structures followed the pattern of crossing the whole spatial arrangement with two axes of streets. The stresst intersected in the middle of the squerre - shaped or aprosimalety squere - shaped market place. There was a town hall most frequently erected at the interection of the axes. The great majority of these towns, apart from Lubartów, have never grown to became lange centers.