Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Bezpieczeństwo pożarowe taboru szynowego w rozumieniu prawodawstwa polskiego i europejskiego

Wojciechowska E., Szczurek M.

Pojazdy Szynowe

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2016

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Nr 1

44--49

PL

Głównym celem ochrony w przypadku wystąpienia pożaru na pokładzie pojazdu szynowego jest umożliwienie pasażerom i załodze ewakuacji z pojazdu w obszar możliwie największego bezpieczeństwa. Czas przebywania pasażerów w pojeździe powinien być jak najkrótszy. Dzięki materiałom ograniczającym palność i dostępnych na pojazdach szynowych gaśnicom pożar rozprzestrzenia się powoli a zagrożenie występuje tylko w bezpośrednim otoczeniu ogniska pożaru. Działanie pożaru jest tym samym mocno ograniczone lokalnie.

EN

The main purpose of protection in the case of a fire on board of a rail vehicle is to enable passengers and crew to evacuate from the vehicle in the area of the greatest possible safety. The staying time of the passengers in the vehicle should be as short as possible. Due to the materials limiting the flammability and available on rail vehicles extinguishers, the fire spreads slowly, and the fire hazard occurs only in the immediate surroundings of the fire. Thus the action of fire is very limited locally.

2

Potable hot water and its microbiological quality

Vranayova Z., Ocipova D.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska

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2009

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z. 54 [266]

109-118

EN

The presence of the bacteria Legionella in water systems especially in the hot water distribution system represents in terms of health protection of inhabitants is the crucial problem which is not possible to overlook. Expenses on the elimination of Legionella from the water distribution systems are very high and the results are not often sufficient. It should be the common goal of designers and operators to reduce the risk of Legionella bacteria in the installation inside buildings. To prevent the tragic events it is obviously needed to monitor the issue in the word and pay attention to precautionary regulations. There are a lot of common shortages in hot water distribution systems of the large buildings. The age of system, material base, missing regulation and lack of maintenance play the most important role. We would like to describe technical possibilities for prevention of Legionella growth from contaminated hot water and which could be transferred into operation of water distribution system from the point of view of solving by current European legislation.

3

The emission factor and a vehicle run-in period

Hlavńa V., Krakovsky T.

Journal of KONES

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2009

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Vol. 16, No. 2

175-181

EN

During operation on road and due to gradual ageing ofa vehicle, the formation of gaseous pollutants undergoes certain evolution. At the start of the vehicle life the evolution is influenced mostly by the run-in period of the driving mechanism. Motor vehicle manufacturers state that the vehicle run-in period ends after the vehicle has run from 3,000-15,000 kilometers depending on the engine type and transmission mechanism. During the run-in period the fuel consumption decreases and the production of emissions slightly changes, which consequently influences the emission factor. (The emission factor is understood as the ratio between the pollutant produced and the amount of consumed fuel). A theoretical value of the difference in the fuel consumption between the new and run-in vehicle is about 8% in favor of the run-in vehicle. The European legislation does not specify after how many kilometers the vehicle stops to be considered new. This can lead to disputes when testing emissions from the new vehicle and those from the vehicle having the control software already installed. The contribution outlines apossibility of determining the coefficient for calculation of emissions and fuel consumption for the first tested vehicle and for the one that has coveredfrom 60 to 300 kilometres. It may contribute to the optimization of the control software installed in the vehicle.