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2 2011

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Polish researches on electronic toll collection

Nowacki G.

Journal of KONES

2011

Vol. 18, No. 2

323-330

Motor Transport Institute has developed functional structure of the National Automatic Toll Collection System (NATCS). It consists of the following elements: two intelligent on-board units (OBUs), two control gates and laboratory model of National Automatic Toll Collection Centre (NATCC). OBU automatically calculates the amount of charge due, taking into account the vehicle category (admissible weight, number of axles), the emissions class and road distance. OBU is equipped with GPS, GSM and DSRC module, so it is interoperable with other electronic toll systems in the EU member states and meets requirements of directive 2004/52/EC and EC decision of 6 October 2009. The NATCS has recognized not only OBU Tripon - EU but also OBU from Toll Collect (Germany) and Passango from France which proved interoperability with another different types of systems in the EU. The efficacy of automatic detection of number plates was 98%, after process analysis it increases to 99.9%. For the purposes of NATCS it was assumed that value of Position Dilution of Precision.(PDOP) should be 90 percent and the value between 0.1 and 3. The tested OBU with the number of measurements were respectively 90%, of perfect values (0.1-1), and 8% excellent values. For the purposes of NATCS it was assumed that GPS receiver in OBU should track at least 5 satellites, for more accurate calculations and in the event of the loss of signal from one of them. The test results showed that the number of satellites used for the purpose of location was 99% of measurements from 5 to 11 satellites.

National automatic toll collection system - pilot project (part 2)

Nowicki A., Mitraszewska I., Kamiński T., Niedzicka A., Smoczyńska E., Ucińska M., Kallweit T., Rozesłaniec R.

Archives of Transport

2011

Vol. 23, iss. 3

353-367

This article presents tests results of the pilot project - The functional structure of the National Automated Toll Collection System (NATCS). During the tests OBU automatically charged a fee (toll), taking into account the category of vehicle (admissible mass, the number of axes), the category of emissions, and distance of road travelled. OBU is equipped with GPS, GSM and DSRC modules, which ensure its interoperability with other EETS systems in the EU Member States. The system meets the requirements of 2004/52/EC Directive and the EC Decision from the 6-th of October 2009. Tests proved high effectiveness of automatic number plate recognition, being 99,9%. The analyses of PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision) parameters showed that 90% had the value below 1, and 8% value from 1 to 3. Based on tests, the maximum number of satellites for localization was - 11 and minimum - 5, that create value 99%.

W artykule przedstawiono testy projektu pilotażowego - struktura funkcjonalna Krajowego Systemu Automatycznego Poboru Opłat (KSAPO). Podczas testów sprawdzono działanie OBU, które automatycznie nalicza opłatę (myto), biorąc pod uwagę kategorię pojazdu (dmc, liczbę osi), klasę emisji spalin oraz przejechany odcinek drogi. OBU jest wyposażone w moduł GPS, GSM oraz DSRC, co zapewnia mu interoperacyjność z innymi systemami EETS w państwach członkowskich UE. System spełnia wymagania dyrektywy 2004/52/EC oraz decyzji KE. Testy potwierdziły wysoką skuteczność systemu w zakresie rozpoznawania tablic rejestracyjnych pojazdów, wynoszącą 99,9%. Analiza danych pomiarowych parametru PDOP i ilości satelitów używanych podczas pomiaru wykazała, że dla ponad 90% pomiarów PDOP było niższe niż 1,8% posiadało wartość od 1 do 3. Na podstawie testów stwierdzono, że maksymalna liczba satelitów używanych podczas lokalizacji wyniosła 11, a minimalna 5 (99%).