We study incommensurate fractional variational problems in terms of a generalized fractional integral with Lagrangians depending on classical derivatives and generalized fractional integrals and derivatives. We obtain necessary optimality conditions for the basic and isoperimetric problems, transversality conditions for free boundary value problems, and a generalized Noether type theorem.
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We study the properties of fractional differentiation with respect to reflection mapping in a finite interval. The symmetric and anti-symmetric fractional derivatives in a full interval are expressed as fractional differential operators in left or right subintervals obtained by subsequent partitions. These representation properties and the reflection symmetry of the action and variation are applied to derive Euler-Lagrange equations of fractional free motion. Then the localization phenomenon for these equations is discussed.
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In this work numerical solutions of fractional Euler-Lagrange equations describing free motion are considered. This type of equations contains a composition of left and right fractional derivatives. A reflection operator is applied to obtain relations between the Euler-Lagrange equations. In addition we verify the dependence between the respective numerical schemes using the same operator. In the final part of paper the examples of the numerical solutions are shown.
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The discrete-time, the quantum, and the continuous calculus of variations have been recently unified and extended. Two approaches are followed in the literature: one dealing with minimization of delta integrals; the other dealing with minimization of nabla integrals. Here we propose a more general approach to the calculus of variations on time scales that allows to obtain both delta and nabla results as particular cases.
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Let F be a field, a1, a2 is an element of F, K is an element of {R, C}, s an element of K\{0,1}, X be a linear space over F, S C is contained in X be nonempty, and Y be a Banach space over K. Under some additional assumptions on S we show some stability results for the functional equation Q (a1x + a2y) + Q (a2X - a1y) = s[Q{x) + Q{y)} in the class of function Q : S -> Y.
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A model of the self-interacting field of complex linear frames E on an n-dimensional real manifold is investigated. The model is generally-covariant and GL(n, C)- invariant. If n = 4, the components of E can be interpreted as dynamical variables for the gravitational field. A Lagrangian of E is constructed, the Euler-Lagrange equations are derived and a wide class of their solutions is found. The solutions are built of left invariant vector fields on a real semisimple Lie group "deformed" by a complex factor of a natural exponential structure.
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