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The influence of collagen from various sources on skin parameters

Prus W., Kozlowska J.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2018

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Vol. 21, no. 146

14--17

EN

Collagen is the main component of connective tissue – it represents 30% of total proteins in the animal body. This protein occurs in a wide range of tissues, e.g. in bone, skin, tendon, ligaments and cornea. It provides structural integrity, strength, resistance to tensile stress and elasticity. Due to its excellent biocompatibility and controlled biodegradability, collagen has found diverse application in the biomedical field such as wound dressing, drug carrier and tissue engineering. However, concerns about contamination of mammalian collagen have stimulated the search of another source of this biopolymer. Fish wastes are thought to be an attractive and safe new source of collagen. Fish and mammalian collagen differ in physical and chemical properties. The aim of this work was to examine the influence of collagen extracted from different sources (rat tail tendons, fish scales of northern pike (Esox lucius) and fish skin of Brama australis) on skin parameters such as hydration, colour, pH and skin’s barrier quality. The measurements had been taken on the skin surface before as well as after application of the collagen solutions. The most harmful effect on skin parameters was observed after application of rat tail collagen solution. Collagen extracted from scales of Esox lucius showed the most favourable effect on the skin parameters. The source of collagen has a significant influence on its effectiveness. The greatest virtues for human body were observed in the case of fish collagen extracted from Esox lucius scales.

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Ascertaining optimal protocols for DNA extraction of different qualities of pike (Esox lucius) tissue samples - a comparison of commonly used solid phase extraction methods

Eschbach E.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2012

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Vol. 8, No. 1

7-14

EN

High quality DNA extractions are a prerequisite for genetic studies of a variety of organisms including fish. The current study focused on the applicability of different commercially available solid phase extraction (SPE) methods as the easiest and fastest methods for DNA extraction and their efficiency with different tissue qualities. These were represented by different kinds of pike tissues (fins, muscle, scales) preserved with different methods and stored at different temperatures over different periods of time (0.5 to 10.0 years). All DNA extractions were analysed according to their yield, purity, integrity and functionality in PCR based downstream analysis. Additionally mechanical pre-treatment of poor quality tissues (e.g. old or aged tissues) and efficient ethanol preservation of frozen bulk fin tissue were investigated. All SPE methods yielded functional DNA from very different qualities of pike tissues as shown by PCR analysis of small nuclear (microsatellite) and large mitochondrial (complete D-loop) DNA fragments. DNA from poor quality tissue can be extracted using single column SPE and in some cases mechanical pre-treatment even improved the yield. Good quality tissue as obtained e.g. from commercial fishermen as frozen bulk material is more efficiently preserved by thawing in ethanol at room temperature than at 2-8°C. DNA from these and air dried tissues was very efficiently prepared by applying reverse SPE in 96-well format, allowing for fast processing of a multitude of samples for high throughput analysis.

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Gynogenesis in northern pike: UV-inactivation of spermatozoa and the heat shock inducing meiotic diploidization

Luczynski M. J., Dabrowski K., Kucharczyk D., Glogowski J., Luczynski M., Szczerbowski A., Babiak I.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2007

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Vol. 3, No. 2

39-43

EN

Gynogenetic northern pike (Esox lucius L.) were produced using UV irradiated sperm and heat shock applied to inseminated eggs shortly after gamete activation. Milt was diluted in immobilizing solution (1:9) and UV irradiated (6.4 W*m-2) for 2-20 min, with dosage in the range of 768-7680 J*m-2. Genetic inactivation of spermatozoa was most efficient when milt was irradiated for 8 min (3072 J*m-2). Insemination of eggs with irradiated milt yielded 100% haploid larvae with hatching rate at 72.1۪.8% (mean±SD), expressed as a percentage of inseminated eggs. Haploid embryo developed and most of them hatched (showing "haploid syndrome") but all haploid larvae died within 48 hours after hatching. After insemination with irradiated sperm the eggs were exposed to a thermal shock of 34°C or 34.5°C, lasting 3 or 5 min, applied 11-16 min after gamete activation. The efficiency of heat shock and survival in experimental groups significantly depended on the source (individual female effect) and quality of eggs. The time of application and duration of the heat shock also affected the survival of embryo and percentage of gynogenetic larvae. Gynogenetic larvae were obtained in all experimental groups with hatching rate as high as 24.2ۭ.6%.