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Ecological groups of vascular plant species in the herb layer of the pine forests of Northern and Central Europe

Roo-Zielińska E.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2003

Vol. 51, nr 4

493-506

The species of vascular plants of the herb layer, were studied on ten forest sites representing pine forests of the alliance Dicrano-Pinion. These sites are located along the N-S transect in Northern and Central Europe, between 50 stopni 28 minut and 70 stopni 09 minut N - in Norway (NO1), Finland (FN1, FN2, FN3), Estonia (ES1), Latvia (LT1) Lithuania (LI1), and Poland (PL1, PL2, PL3). The relation was determined between the geographical location of these forests and the proportion in total species number and cover of the plants in the herb layer with known ecological, habitat and climatic requirements for light (L) and temperature (T) and soil requirements for moisture (F), acidity (R), and content of nitrogen (N). The indication method was applied using the species scale of Ellenberg et al.(1991), indicating the climatic and habitat requirements of the plant species on the basis of the values of the L, T, F, R and N in the macroclimatic gradient. The species which behave in a similar manner with respect to the habitat factors mentioned were clustered into the indicator species groups. The distinct directional changes of the share of these groups along the North-South transect were observed: 1) gradual appearance of the species characteristic for the moderately warm areas; 2) decrease of the share of the hygrophilous and acidophilous species.