This study examines the effect of incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) based on Elium® thermoplastic acrylic resin and investigates the relationship between the studied properties. SWCNTs exhibited better dispersion in the matrix, which leads to better electrical conductivity (2.72 ± 0.34 S/m) and impact resistance (154 ± 14.6 kJ/m²) compared to MWCNTs. Microstructural analysis revealed a defect-free architecture of the SWCNT-modified laminates, while the MWCNT laminates showed small voids and agglomerates. The increased dispersion and interconnectivity of the SWCNTs contribute to an EMI shielding efficiency of 24.6 dB, a 30% improvement over the unmodified samples. These findings highlight the potential of SWCNTs to improve the multifunctional properties of thermoplastic CFRPs, including mechanical strength, electrical performance and EMI shielding capability, making them highly suitable for advanced aerospace, electronics and power applications. Moreover, the recyclability and lightweight nature of the Elium® resin matrix make these composites environmentally friendly and an alternative to traditional materials in a variety of industrial contexts.
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The multifunctional enhancement of carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) is critical for their expanding applica tions in aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries. This study examines the combined effect of thermoplastic veils doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a polymer matrix modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of CFRPs. Liquid thermoplastic acrylic resin Elium®, modi fied with 0.02 wt.% SWCNTs served as the matrix, while thermoplastic veils based on polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) doped with 1.0 wt.% MWCNTs were interleaved into the composite structure. Characteri sation revealed that the SWCNTs formed conductive networks in the polymer matrix, enhancing electrical conductivity in plane (X and Y directions) but not improving it through the thickness (Z direction) due to resin-rich regions introduced by the veils. The impact resistance improved across all the composites, particularly for the PPS-based veils, attributed to effective fi bre bridging mechanisms. The glass transition temperature (Tg) also increased due to strong adhesion at the veil-matrix inter face and molecular interactions between the nanofillers and the polymer matrix. The results highlight the potential of combin ing nanofiller-modified matrices with thermoplastic veils to achieve tailored multifunctional CFRPs. However, optimising the interlayer resin content remains crucial for further enhancing through-thickness conductivity. These findings contribute to advancing CFRPs for high-performance, multifunctional applications in diverse industries.
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