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Central Europe after 1918. a short outline1

Miszewski D., Dąbrowski F., Deszczyński M., Wnętrzak F.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 19, No. 2

13--38

EN

This paper analyses changes in the region’s states, and the evolution of Central Europe’s (CE) position in the international environment. Since forming in 1918, the new CE independent states have remained a focus for neighbouring powers and Western powers. The paper looks at the background for the historical, political, economic, demographic, cultural and geopolitical importance of Central Europe. Three essential periods can be distinguished, the first being thepost-WW1 period, when after the downfall of Austria-Hungary and the weakening of Germany, Russia and Turkey, a number of independent states emerged. The lack of Western assistance and insufficient mutual cooperation meant that CE countries became subject to aggression from Berlin and Moscow. After WW2, the region was forcefully reintegrated into the Soviet Union – and its states were subjected to political, social, economic and cultural degradation. The downfall of the Soviet Union and democratic transition in the states of Central Europe contributed to the regional economic and security integration. EU membership and close ties to the USA forged significant possibilities for development and becoming a subject of European policy. Historical experiences show that Central Europe has had a significant impact on international security in Europe. The region’s states of increasing significance have the capability potential to forge their own concepts of close regional political and economic cooperation.

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EU - Armenia cooperation within the Eastern Partnership and its impact on Armenian economy

Mamikonyan G., Lewandowski K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Łódzka

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2016

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z. 63

119--129

EN

The European Union has actively engaged itself in cooperation with its Eastern neighbours. The Eastern Partnership is a concept of political cooperation and economic integration in the future with six countries – Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. Republic of Armenia regards this programme as a framework for improving its market institutions and judicial system and for creation of business opportunities. Although Armenia decided not to sign the Association Agreement and join the Russia-led Eurasiatic Customs Union, there is still room for cooperation with the EU on a sector-by-sector basis. The paper is divided in three parts. The first one describes the history of the Armenian cooperation with the European Union within the Eastern Partnership. The second part deals with the barriers and opportunities for mutual cooperation. The last part shows the changes in the Armenian economy during the last decade.

PL

Unia Europejska aktywnie zaangażowała się we współpracę ze swoimi wschodnimi sąsiadami. Partnerstwo Wschodnie jest koncepcją współpracy politycznej i integracji gospodarczej z sześcioma państwami – Armenią, Azerbejdżanem, Białorusią, Gruzją, Mołdawią i Ukrainą. Republika Armenii postrzega ten program, jako podstawę do usprawnienia swoich instytucji rynkowych i systemu prawnego, a także stworzenia szans dla biznesu. Chociaż w 2013 roku Armenia zdecydowała się nie podpisywać wynegocjowanego wcześniej traktatu stowarzyszeniowego i przyłączyła się do kierowanej przez Rosję Euroazjatyckiej Unii Celnej, to wciąż istnieją możliwości współpracy z Unią Europejską na bazie współpracy sektorowej. Artykuł podzielony został na trzy części. Pierwsza z nich opisuje genezę współpracy Armenii z Unią Europejską w ramach Partnerstwa Wschodniego. Część druga zajmuje się barierami i możliwościami wzajemnej współpracy. Ostatnia część pokazuje zmiany w gospodarce Armenii w ostatniej dekadzie.

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Rola Polski w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa zewnętrznego Unii Europejskiej w ramach Partnerstwa Wschodniego

Legucka A.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2011

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nr 2(83)

398-415

EN

The aim of this article is to present Poland’s role in the creation of the European Union's external security. Poland supports the Eastern Partnership countries such as Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus. The theory of international roles allows evaluating the international activity of Poland and the European Union in the eastern neighborhood. The best-known international roles are the following: the expected role (elected or imposed), the declared one and the implemented one. Polish security in the EU depends on the stability of the eastern neighborhood and it is important to support reforms in these countries, as well as their integration into Euro-Atlantic structures.

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