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Integrating Earth observation IMINT with OSINT data to create added-value multisource intelligence information: A case study of the Ukraine–Russia war

Kotaridis Ioannis, Benekos Georgios

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 43, No. 3

1--21

EN

The Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 heralded a new “social media war” era. This “hybrid warfare” extends beyond the military landscape and includes attacks in cyberspace and fake news with the aim of destabilising governments. The goal of this paper is to present a high-level of architecture based on imagery intelligence (IMINT) and geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) using geographic datasets and state-of-the-art methods. Integration with intelligence information (like Open-Source Intelligence [OSINT]) produces multiintelligent knowledge for security and defence decision-making end users. The results depict a harmonious and creative collaboration between IMINT, OSINT, and GEOINT. OSINT data helps to identify and describe the meteorological conditions that are present, contributing to the procedure’s responsiveness. Weather and dense cloud cover above Ukraine poses a challenge for optical imaging satellites, but synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor satellites can operate at night and overcome the problem. We carried out OSINT and IMINT analysis, monitoring the situation shortly after the invasion. OSINT data helped in the choice of an appropriate area of interest. Using the right Earth observation satellite system and artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithms is the best way to keep an eye on many different sites over long periods, send out alerts about unusual activity, and find new places where incoherent changes might be happening.

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Nasze plejady

Królikowski Jerzy

Geodeta : magazyn geoinformacyjny

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2023

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nr 2

48--50

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The Potential Contribution of Earth Observation Data Cubes for the Production of Information for Sustainable Development in Emerging Countries

Merodio Gómez Paloma, Ramírez Santiago Andrea, Juárez Carrillo Olivia Jimena, Jiménez Nava Francisco Javier

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 16, no. 3

131--155

EN

One of the great challenges of achieving the shared vision of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is having high-quality, timely, comparable, and accessible data that allows to measure and report progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Hence, in many countries, geospatial information (including Earth observation) and algorithms implemented in cloud computing platforms have become important tools to monitor indicators of the SDG thanks to their broad accessibility and global coverage. However, emerging countries still face barriers to the implementation of technologies to manage the large amounts of EO data. This article aims to show the advantages of satellite-based EO in the measurement of SDG indicators, as well as challenges emerging countries face in the use of these technological tools. It addresses why the open-source tool Open Data Cube (ODC) should be seen as a response to the said challenges. Finally, there is a description regarding the experience of Mexico with the use and application of this tool for the measurement of SDG indicators, from the development and implementation of the Mexican Geospatial Data Cube (MGDC) to the results obtained from its application in the support for the measurement of SDG indicators 6.6.1 Change in the extent of water-related ecosystems over time and 15.1.1 Forest area as a proportion of total land area.

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High altitude ballooning as an atmospheric sounding system in the pre-flight procedures of ILR-33 Amber

Spiralski Marcin, Bęben Karol, Konior Wojciech, Cieśliński Dawid

Transactions on Aerospace Research

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2020

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Nr 1 (258)

66--77

EN

The paper presents research on the near real-time atmospheric sounding system. The main objective of the research was the development and testing of the weather sounding system based on a weather balloon. The system contains a redundant system of radiosondes, a lifting platform containing weather balloon and a holding system as well as ground station. Several tests of the system were performed in August and September 2019. Altitude, reliability, resistance to weather conditions and data convergence were tested. During tests, new procedures for such missions were developed. The final test was performed for the ILR-33 Amber Rocket as a part of pre-launch procedures. The test was successful and allowed to use acquired atmospheric data for further processing. Several post-tests conclusions were drawn. The altitude of sounding by a weather balloon depends mostly on weather conditions, the amount of gas pumped and the weight of a payload. The launching place and experience of the crew play an important role in the final success of the mission, as well.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono badania nad systemem sondowania atmosferyczny w czasie zbliżonym do rzeczywistego. Głównym celem badania było stworzenie oraz testowanie systemu sondowania atmosfery opartego o balony meteorologiczne. W skład systemu wchodzi redundantny system radiosond, platforma nośna zawierająca balon meteorologiczny i system mocujący, a także stacja naziemna. W sierpniu i wrześniu 2019 r. przeprowadzono kilka testów systemu. Badano wysokość, niezawodność, odporność na warunki atmosferyczne i zbieżność danych z innymi źródłami. Podczas testów opracowano nowe procedury dla misji tego typu. Końcowy test został przeprowadzony dla rakiety ILR-33 Bursztyn w ramach procedur przedstartowych. Test zakończył się sukcesem i umożliwił wykorzystanie pozyskanych danych atmosferycznych do dalszego przetworzenia. Wyciągnięto kilka wniosków po testowych. Wysokość sondowania osiągana przez balon meteorologiczny zależy głównie od warunków pogodowych, ilości wtłoczonego gazu i masy ładunku użytkowego. Miejsce startu i doświadczenie załogi odgrywają również ważną rolę w końcowym sukcesie misji.

5

Comparison of direct and inverse methods of satellite observations downscaling for the coastal zone area

Chybicki A., Łubniewski Z.

Hydroacoustics

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2016

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Vol. 19

55--64

EN

The Earth observation satellite imaging systems have known limitations, especially regarding their spatial and temporal resolution. Therefore, approaches which aim to combine data retrieved from sensors of higher temporal and lower spatial resolution with the data characterized by lower temporal but higher spatial resolution are of high interest. This allows for joint utilization of the advantages of both these types of sensors. As there are several ways to achieve this goal, in this paper two approaches, direct and inverse, of downscaling the land surface temperature (LST) derived from low resolution imagery acquired by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) were evaluated. The applied downscaling methods utilize biophysical properties of the surface sensed using short wave infrared and thermal band. The presented algorithm evaluation was performed on the basis of a specific test case: the coastal zone area of the Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland. In this context, the objective presented in the study was to compare two methods of downscaling for a specific test case in order to evaluate how the proposed approaches cope with the specific conditions of the coastal zone area.