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3 Landform Analysis

3 2011

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w słowach kluczowych: Early Medieval stronghold

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Warunki klimatyczne okresu średniowiecza a powstanie, rozwój i upadek grodziska na Zawodziu w Kaliszu

Hildebrandt-Radke I.

Landform Analysis

2011

Vol. 16

69-72

The early medieval stronghold in Kalisz was established in the ninth century among the branches of meandering Prosna river. The stronghold's castle was located on the floodplain terrace of Prosna river at an altitude of 100-108 m asl. In the tenth and eleventh centuries numerous redevelopments within the town occurred. In the early thirteenth century, as a result of fightings among dukes, the stronghold was exposed to destruction. Long-term flooding (1221-1223) resulted in the change of the main Prosna river channel. Prosna no longer assured the settlement with defensive functions. The above, and subsequent invasion of duke Henry I the Bearded (Henryk Brodaty) on Zawodzie in 1233, determined moving the castle on a fluvial terrace, in today's center of Kalisz.

Przyrodnicza historia Gniezna - plemiennego ośrodka kultu i centrum wczesnopiastowskiego państwa polskiego Civitas Schinesghe

Makohonienko M., Kara M., Koszałka J.

Landform Analysis

2011

Vol. 16

39-45

The stronghold complex in Gniezno located on the Lech's Hill belonged to the main centers of the early Polish State described for the first time in historical documents as Civitas Schinesghe - the Gniezno State. Recent archaeological studies indicate that the site on Lech's Hill was originally a tribal cult center. Palaeoecological studies provided records of environmental changes and cultural landscape development in the prehistoric periods and early historical times. Reconstructed changes of floristic diversity correlate well with the cultural processes.

Główne etapy zasiedlenia i rozbudowy grodziska w Bonikowie (Wielkopolska) w świetle badań litologicznych i geochemicznych

Hildebrandt-Radke I.

Landform Analysis

2011

Vol. 16

77-80

The early medieval fortified settlement in Bonikowo was located within the wetland, in very marshy backwaters of the middle Obra river (the Obra Marshy Meadows). The Bonikowo stronghold belonged to a system of numerous small castles of southern Great Poland which had been formed in the period before the rise of the centralized state. This was a concave fortified settlement, consisting of many parts, with three ramparts, originating in different phases of the Middle Ages, as was confirmed by dating of archaeological pottery findings and by absolute dating. The castle was built with material from the sandy sediment of the Obra river backwaters. Geochemical analysis shows the length and intensity of the settlement and economic use of internal zones of the ramparts, especially of the internal zones within the rampart II, considered the oldest.