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Assessment of sinkhole hazard in the post-mining area using the ERT method and numerical modeling

Ścigała Roman, Szafulera Katarzyna, Jendryś Marek

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

2023

nr 75 (147)

20--34

The loss of stability of shallow voids existing in the rock mass often results in the formation of sinkholes on the surface. This has a significant impact on the threat to public safety. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize the presence of such voids, especially in old post-mining areas, where shallow extraction was previously conducted, and there is a lack of mapping documentation indicating the location of underground workings. This paper presents an example illustrating a proposed procedure for recognizing shallow voids, which consists of two research works: geophysical research combined with numerical analyzes used as a kind of forward modeling. This combination increases the possibility of accurately locating potential sinkhole occurrences. The first part of this article provides selected literature information on the occurrence of sinkhole hazards. The second part presents the results of subsurface layer investigations of the rock mass conducted using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The third part focuses on assessing the threat of sinkhole formation by using forward numerical modeling performed with the FLAC 3D software to confirm the subsurface structures identified through the ERT method. The results of the analyzes conducted with both methods are then discussed in terms of their suitability for assessing the associated risk. The research conducted within the framework of this study confirms the effectiveness of the ERT method combined with numerical modeling for evaluating the state of the rock mass. This method can be considered a valuable tool for supporting decision-making in identifying post-mining areas that are particularly at risk of sinkhole formation.

Zagrożenia naturalne od pustek krasowych

Kopeć Aleksandra

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie

2023

nr 1

8--12

In mining plants, there are technical and natural hazards. One of them is the hazard created by the presence of karst voids. Karst forms are quite common in carbonate mineral deposits. The Borków-Chwałowice deposit is an excellent example of they occurrence. Part of them is infilled by the so-called internal overburden, which makes problems during exploitation. Karst voids not infilled with the overburden can cause many hazards, for example for operating heavy machinery and during blasting works. Rigips Stawiany mining plant operated at this deposit prevents the hazard by identification of places in danger of occurrence of karstic voids by using electrical resistivity tomography. Based on the results of the geophisical test, potential locations of discontinuities are marked on maps and checked in the quarry. Knowledge of the location and size of the hazard allows for safe planning and operation of the work.

Pełny obraz budowy geologicznej złoża uzyskuje się dopiero po zakończeniu jego eksploatacji. Jak wobec tego zapobiegać zagrożeniom wynikającym z budowy złoża przy wykonywaniu robót górniczych? Jedno z nich może być efektem obecności pustek krasowych. Artykuł prezentuje, na czym ono polega i jak jest minimalizowane w zakładzie górniczym Rigips-Stawiany.

Analysis of the hazards of the BAZALY football stadium in Ostrava in terms of environmental impact

Bujok P., Klempa M., Pospíšil P., Rado R., Porzer M., Ryba J., Bláha M., Poláček A.

AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas

2017

Vol. 34, no. 4

933--943

The term ‘geohazard’ is used to describe the natural and anthropogenic phenomena and processes taking place in the natural environment in the context of their negative influence on natural environment, including the geological one. The degree of geohazard is frequently evaluated on the basis of catalogued descriptions (activity of natural environment and human impact), which help identify particular hazards and ascribe them their value. According to Czech standards, 45 geohazards have been classified and described in detail in view of: geological knowledge, origin and way in which the hazard was evoked, geographical range, time, associated processes, social aspect and monitoring methods. Research works were conducted in a football stadium located in an area of underground hard coal extraction and surface production of raw minerals. The BAZALY stadium, where FC Banik Ostrava played its matches, is located in Ostrava in an area of former mining fields of Silesian Ostrava. These coal mines were closed in the 1990s, but even so they still create environmental hazards. The paper is devoted to research works and risk analysis of the environmental impact of mining activities, old workings and liquidated mines in terms of geohazard. The basic geohazard in the stadium area is methane migration from tectonically disturbed rock mass, also caused by incorrectly closed workings. Another hazard is associated with the increasing mining damage, i.e. tectonic movements, subsidence, local sinkholes, lowering groundwater level etc.