Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Quality of service (QoS) by utility evolved packet core (EPC) in LTE network

Mohd Sultan Juwita, Anak Gapar Glen Lendle, Benachour Philip, Yusop Azdiana Md

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2023

|

R. 99, nr 1

44--47

EN

LTE which stands for Long Term Evolution is one of wireless broadband technology which provides an increased on both network capacity and speed to user. As LTE network grows, LTE mobile data services becomes demanding mode of communication. From audio call to video conference, video conference to online bank transaction, user lives conveniently with LTE. The speed of LTE network is up to 300 Mbps with the coverage of 100 km. However, LTE network could not be standalone on this chain for so long as it might occur generalization of services where the quality cannot be guarantee. Here Quality of Service (QoS) play it roles in managing and design wireless services that suit every single user necessity. QoS refers to the ability of a network to accomplish maximum bandwidth and handle with another element within network performance. Not to mention, minor support that made this possible is by studying on how EPC could make a different in improving the QoS in LTE network. Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is designed to support smooth transfer for voice and data to a base station. Hence, investigation in benefit of EPC toward QoS in LTE is carry out and simulation result obtained will be evaluated throughout this paper.

PL

LTE, co oznacza Long Term Evolution, to jedna z bezprzewodowych technologii szerokopasmowych, która zapewnia użytkownikowi zwiększoną przepustowość i szybkość sieci. Wraz z rozwojem sieci LTE mobilne usługi transmisji danych LTE stają się wymagającym sposobem komunikacji. Od połączenia audio po wideokonferencję, wideokonferencję po transakcję bankową online, użytkownik żyje wygodnie dzięki LTE. Szybkość sieci LTE wynosi do 300 Mb/s przy zasięgu 100 km. Jednak sieć LTE nie mogłaby być samodzielna na tym łańcuchu tak długo, jak mogłoby dojść do uogólnienia usług, w przypadku których nie można zagwarantować jakości. Tutaj Quality of Service (QoS) odgrywa rolę w zarządzaniu i projektowaniu usług bezprzewodowych, które odpowiadają potrzebom każdego użytkownika. QoS odnosi się do zdolności sieci do osiągnięcia maksymalnej przepustowości i obsługi innego elementu w ramach wydajności sieci. Nie wspominając już o niewielkim wsparciu, które to umożliwiło, poprzez zbadanie, w jaki sposób EPC może coś zmienić w poprawie QoS w sieci LTE. Evolved Packet Core (EPC) został zaprojektowany w celu obsługi płynnego przesyłania głosu i danych do stacji bazowej. Dlatego prowadzone są badania na korzyść EPC w kierunku QoS w LTE, a uzyskane wyniki symulacji będą oceniane w niniejszym artykule.

2

EPCHC- energy performance contracting (EPC) model for historic city centres

Medved Primož

Acta Innovations

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2023

|

no. 47

28--40

EN

The current predominant obstacle for the implementation of energy retrofitting projects at the neighbourhood level is attributable to restricted funding options, which is especially relevant for the expensive renovation of buildings of cultural heritage importance. The first aim of the article is to articulate and identify the main characteristics which influence the funding processes for energy retrofitting historic urban districts. The second objective is to build a comprehensive approach/procedural funding model based on these identified specifics/characteristics. The “energy performance contracting model for historical city centres” (EPCHC) is constructed with procedural processes (steps) associated with the main specific characteristics of urban central districts. The principal attributes which define and influence EPC in historical city centres are “district-level retrofitting”, the “multi-stakeholder approach” and “cultural heritage preservation”. First demonstrated are the benefits of the district level EPC’s “economy of scale”. Secondly, city centres are specific neighbourhoods with several public (municipal, governmental) and private entities, necessitating a particular tailor-made EPC approach is necessary for each stakeholder. Thirdly, the article focuses on the issue of higher retrofitting costs because as a result of historical building status and finding an optimal solution to overcome the conflict between sustainable renovation and cultural preservation. The procedural model for EPCHC in historical city centres offers step-by-step guidelines with suggestions to be followed in order to approach and involve all the various stakeholders. EPCHC could open a new perspective on district green retrofitting and could facilitate municipalities’ decision-making processes upon deciding to retrofit historical central districts.

3

FID-MA XTEA : Cost-Effective RFID-Mutual Authentication Design Using XTEA Security on FPGA Platform

Anusha R., Shastrimath V. Veena Devi

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2021

|

Vol. 67, No. 4

623--629

EN

RFID systems are one of the essential technologies and used many diverse applications. The security and privacy are the primary concern in RFID systems which are overcome by using suitable authentication protocols. In this manuscript, the cost-effective RFID-Mutual Authentication (MA) using a lightweight Extended Tiny encryption algorithm (XTEA) is designed to overcome the security and privacy issues on Hardware Platform. The proposed design provides two levels of security, which includes secured Tag identification and mutual authentication. The RFID-MA mainly has Reader and Tag along with the backend Server. It establishes the secured authentication between Tag and Reader using XTEA. The XTEA with Cipher block chaining (CBC) is incorporated in RFID for secured MA purposes. The authentication process completed based on the challenge and response between Reader and Tag using XTEA-CBC. The present work is designed using Verilog-HDL on the Xilinx environment and implemented on Artix-7 FPGA. The simulation and synthesis results discussed with hardware constraints like Area, power, and time. The present work is compared with existing similar approaches with hardware constraints improvements.

4

Characteristic and comparison of UML, BPMN and EPC based on process models of a training company

Nizioł Marcin, Wiśniewski Piotr, Kluza Krzysztof, Ligęza Antoni

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

|

2021

|

Vol. 26

193--200

EN

We describe, characterize and compare three selected modeling notations of business processes: Unified Modeling Language, Business Process Model and Notation, as well as Event-Driven Process Chain. Using processes implemented in a~training company, the selected notations were discussed in detail. We compare various aspects, such as modeling notation origin, the number of graphical elements included. Moreover, notations were analyzed using the 4+1 architectural view model. Justified results of the survey conducted among employees of above-mentioned organization let us conclude that there exist notation differences. Both BPMN and EPC allow the process architects to prepare more precise and legible models than UML.

5

A modified HEART – 4M method with TOPSIS for analyzing indonesia collision accidents

Bowo L. P., Prilana R. E., Furusho M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2020

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Vol. 14. no. 3

751--759

EN

Human error is recognized as the most common factor that causes maritime accidents. The human error assessment and reduction technique (HEART) is a human reliability assessment (HRA) that has been widely applied in various industries. Furthermore, the HEART – 4M method has been proposed to assess maritime accidents. The HEART – 4M method can clearly define the relationship between man, machine, media, and management factors and the human error. However, the calculation process to determine the weight of every selected error-producing condition (EPC) suffers from the uncertainty of the assessor's estimation in practical applications, which may affect the objectivity of its result. In this study, a modification of the HEART – 4M method with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. TOPSIS is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) tool. This study aims to develop the HEART – 4M method to make it more comprehensive and objective when assessing maritime accidents. First, the parameter of the generic task is determined as in the conventional HEART method. Second, the causal factors are converted to the suitable EPC – 4M, and there are four classification factors for the 38 standard EPCs, which are divided into man, machine, media, and management factors. Third, the TOPSIS is applied to handle the problems of interdependencies and interaction among EPC – 4M and the uncertainty that exists in the assessor´s judgment. The proportion effect of each EPC – 4M is determined through TOPSIS by considering the correlation among EPC – 4M. Finally, thirteen collision data obtained from the National Transportation and Safety Committee of Indonesia are assessed to apply the proposed method.

6

Hierarchical EPC models – review of model linking concepts

Szczęśniak Bartosz

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2019

|

Vol. 2, Iss. 1

476--486

EN

EPC models are currently among the leading standard business process modelling solutions. As long as the rules for creating flat EPC models are explicit and raise no significant doubts, when it comes to linking models of different types, the literature of the subject delivers diversified solutions. Four such alternative concepts that can be applied in this respect have been identified and described in this article. They have been used to link EPC models for four cases proposed. These cases differ as to the degree of complexity, and they represent different kinds of potential links between processes being modelled. Using the concepts in question with reference to the cases defined has made it possible to identify situations in which it is impossible to link models, or when it raises certain doubts. What has also been proposed is that one of the concepts identified in the paper can be modified in such a manner that using it to link EPC models does not pose any problem in any of the cases discussed.

7

EPC jako istotna technologia we współczesnej gospodarce

Szczepanik M

Logistyka

|

2018

|

nr 4

74--76

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie nowoczesnej technologii EPC oraz jej wykorzystywania we współczesnych przedsiębiorstwach oraz korzyści z tego płynących. Obiektem badania jest technologia Elektronicznego Kodu Produktu, który wykorzystując elektroniczny znacznik (tag), który odczytywany jest za pomocą fal radiowych, zamiast używania kodów kreskowych. Umożliwia to śledzenie i monitorowanie produktu w całym łańcuchu dostaw w natychmiastowy sposób bez konieczności posiadania tego produktu na linii wzroku. W ramach tej nowoczesnej sieci EPC możliwe będzie automatyczne rozróżnienie towarów oraz ich śledzenie na całej linii producent-konsument. System jest wykorzystywany na wielu obszarach m.in. w ochronie zdrowia, motoryzacji, transporcie i logistyce. Korzyści jakie za tym idą, to przede wszystkim zoptymalizowanie przepływu towarów, eliminacja braków produktów, racjonalna gospodarka zapasami i obniżenie kosztów przy rosnącym zadowoleniu klienta.

EN

The aim of this article is to present advanced technology EPC and its usage in modern enterprises as well as its benefits. The object of the study is Electronic Product Code technology which uses an electronic tag that is read by the airwaves, instead of using bar codes. It enables a company to track and monitor a product in the entire supply chain in an immediate way, without a necessity of having this product in the line of sight. Due to this advanced network EPC, it will be possible to distinguish goods automatically as well as to track them in the entire producer-customer line. The system is used in many fields, including health protection, motorisation, transport and logistics. The benefits of this system are primarily: the optimisation of the movement of goods, the elimination of the shortage of products, efficient inventory management and lowering the costs while rising customer satisfaction.

8

The diagnosis of information potential of selected business process modelling notations

Gabryelczyk R., Jurczuk A.

Information Systems in Management

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2015

|

Vol. 4, No. 1

26--38

EN

The paper presents the findings of the ease of understanding tests for selected business process modelling notations as an element of diagnosing the notations information potential. The easiest-to-understand notation is identified, as well as the attributes determining the choice of this notation as the easiest to understand. Three notations used in business process modelling have been subjected to diagnosis: EPC, BPMS and BPMN. Based on the results of these analyses, recommendations have been formulated for organisations where process modelling requires the involvement of all employees and where process awareness needs to be developed. Using an intuitive notation may contribute to improved communication between users representing different professional profiles and translate into a higher effectiveness of organisational changes.

9

Modelowanie procesów biznesowych zorientowane na czynności

Pasamonik P.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Informatyki

|

2010

|

Vol. 9, Nr 2

102-116

PL

W artykule scharakteryzowano proces biznesowy jako zbiór powiązanych aktywności (czynności), wykonywanych w określonej kolejności. Przedstawiony został podstawowy zarys problematyki zapisu procesów biznesowych. Zaprezentowany przykładowy proces biznesowy został poddany analizie za pomocą kilku formalnych modeli zapisu. Omawiane metody modelowania cechują się zorientowaniem na aktywność (czynność).

EN

This article describes business process as a collection of associated activities, which are executed in specified order. Author performs an analysis of the business process modelling notations. An example process has been designed and analysed within the most known business process modelling methods. All used methods are strong activity oriented

10

The EPC theory. Basic notions of enterprise process control

Zaborowski M.

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2010

|

Vol. 1, No. 3

75-96

EN

The essential part of the theory of Enterprise Process Control (the EPC theory) is a formal description of the framework EPC system. It is a universal reference model of integrated management and process control systems for all enterprises, regardless of their trade and size. Basic notions of the EPC theory have been presented in the paper. Certain definitions of broadly known terms (e.g. organizational system, process, resource, control unit, functional layer) are slightly different than the ones that are most often formulated. The purpose of these modifications is precise presentation of relationships between defined notions. Furthermore many new notions (functional subsystem, functional unit, transition unit, information place, reengineering layer, readiness variant, organizational resources and the like) have been introduced. They are necessary for presenting organizational and functional structure of the framework EPC system. The EPC theory has deductive nature and its notions are formulated on the basis of the more general, previously defined ones.

11

Wybrane priorytety i środki zwiększenia efektywności energetycznej

Gulczyński D.

Polityka Energetyczna

|

2009

|

T. 12, z. 2/2

175-184

PL

Energochłonność PKB Polski jest ponad dwa razy wyższa od średniej krajów Unii Europejskiej. Jeżeli porównać ją z energochłonnością krajów piętnastki to wartość ta wzrasta jeszcze bardziej. Zdaniem Krajowej Agencji Poszanowania Energii najprostsze sposoby zwiększania efektywności energetycznej zostały już wyczerpane. W dobie kryzysu podmiot rynkowy szuka możliwości obniżenia kosztów funkcjonowania. Celem tego działania jest tania energia wysokiej jakości. Przedstawione w artykule miary efektywności energetycznej dowodzą, że proces rozwoju gospodarczego nie musi być zawsze utożsamiany ze wzrostem konsumpcji surowców energetycznych. Jednakże w każdym kraju ze względu na zróżnicowany poziom rozwoju gospodarczego i osiągnięte efekty w dziedzinie poprawy energochłonności gospodarki są stosowane zróżnicowane priorytety.

EN

Energy efficiency measures provide an important potential for reducing the dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change. GDP Energy consumption in Poland is over twice higher then in other European countries. Polish National Energy Conservation Agency remarks the lack of simple energy efficiency instruments. High energy efficiency standards must be considered as an important element of a sustainable future energy system. The article covers the impact of selected energy efficiency policy measures around the world. The author tries to explain what is the importance of energy efficiency measures and what are the priorities. The paper draws the trends, the innovative measures and the measures that are being favoured.

12

Nowe kody kreskowe i technologie przyszłości

Hałas E.

Logistyka

|

2008

|

nr 4

84-85

13

Rola i zasięg stosowania etykiet elektronicznych w opakowaniach tekturowych

Wandelt P. [oprac.]

Przegląd Papierniczy

|

2006

|

R. 62, nr 8

440-441

14

Kody kreskowe w automatycznej identyfikacji

Majewski J.

Przegląd Papierniczy

|

2006

|

R. 62, nr 8

465-468

15

Jedna technologia - różne opinie

Sokołowski G., Majewski J.

Logistyka

|

2006

|

nr 6

60-60

16

Czy nowa technologia EPC zastąpi kody kreskowe

Ejsymont J.

Logistyka

|

2006

|

nr 2

84-85

17

Standardy danych w tagu EPC (cz. 3)

Kaźmierczak P.

Logistyka

|

2005

|

Nr 4

62--63

18

Specyfikacje Ogólne EAN.UCC - aktualizacja

Sokołowski G.

Logistyka

|

2005

|

Nr 2

72--72

PL

Ze względu na ciągły rozwój systemu EAN o UCC organizacja GS l (dawniej EAN International i UCC) co roku aktualizuje Specyfikacje Ogólne EAN* UCC. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono krótką charakterystykę najważniejszych zmian w stosunku do wersji poprzedniej. Zmiany te dotyczą: -Nowej symboliki Data Matrix -Umieszczania symboli kodów kresko wych EAN o UCC na towarach sportowych -EPC- wyjaśnienie pojęcia i dokumen ty odniesienia -Identyfikacji dokumentów poprzez wprowadzenie nowego IZ -Najlepszych praktyk w odniesieniu do zasad nadawania numerów GTIN. Istotnymi czynnikami warunkującymi konieczność permanentnej aktualizacji opisywanego dokumentu są doświadczenia wynikające z praktyki stosowania standardów elektronicznej gospodarki. Zmiany te bowiem wprowadza się po to, by użytkownicy systemu EAN o UCC mogli efektywniej korzystać z narzędzi jakie system oferuje. Wprowadzono dwa nowe rozdziały wyjaśniające budowę i wykorzystanie symboliki Data Matrix.

19

Preferencje zadań w ECR

Swarcewicz R.

Logistyka

|

2005

|

Nr 1

55--55

20

EPC w sektorze służby zdrowia

Sokołowski G.

Logistyka

|

2005

|

Nr 5

61--61

PL

Rozwiązania opierające się na technologii EPC znajdują zastosowania w większości sieci dostaw różnorodnych branż. Wśród bezpośrednich odbiorców tych rozwiązań duże zainteresowanie ostatnimi czasy wykazuje sektor służby zdrowia i farmacji.