Grain orientation, properties, microstructure borders, and types and sizes of phases have had a major impact on the traits of modern engineering materials. Therefore, it is important to study, analyze, and (further) control the method of crystallizing alloys. One of the methods used to assess the orientation of grain growth is the EBSD technique. EBSD (Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analysis) enables us to perform quantitative analyses on the microstructure of materials (on a scale of millimetres to nanometres) in a scanning electron microscope. Using the EBSD technique can help us gain valuable information about the following properties of crystalline materials: crystal orientation, disorientation, grain boundaries, global and local texture, fractions recrystallization/deformation, stress analysis, characterization of intergranular boundaries, identification of phases, phase distribution, and so on. In this paper, we present the results of phase analysis and crystallographic orientation of the grains of high chromium cast iron via EBSD. These were preliminary studies to determine the possibility of using the EBSD technique for analyzing high chromium cast iron. Castings were produced under industrial conditions, then samples were cut out and testing using the EBSD technique. This method proved to be effective for this type of material.
In a vacuum Bridgman-type furnace, under an argon atmosphere, directionally solidified sample of Fe-C alloy was produced. The pulling rate was v = 83 μm/s (300 mm/h) and constant temperature gradient G = 33,5 K/mm. The microstructure of the sample was examined on the longitudinal section using an Optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. The X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction technique (EBSD) have been used for the crystallographic analysis of carbide particles in carbide eutectic. The X-ray diffraction was made parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the goniometer. The EBSD shows the existence of iron carbide Fe3C with orthorhombic and hexagonal structure. Rapid solidification may cause a deformation of the lattice plane which is indicated by different values of the lattice parameters. Such deformation could also be the result of directional solidification. Not all of the peaks in X–ray diffractograms were identified. They may come from other iron carbides. These unrecognized peaks may also be a result of the residual impurity of alloy.
Celem pracy było określenie możliwości wykorzystania techniki wstecznego rozproszenia elektronów (EBSD) do badań mikrostruktury stali dwufazowych. Stosując technikę EBSD dokonano identyfikacji faz oraz pomiarów lokalnych orientacji w dwóch różnych stalach austenityczno-ferrytycznych. Na podstawie pomiarów lokalnych orientacji wyznaczono rozkłady dezorientacji występujących w badanym materiale oraz wyznaczono tekstury krystalograficzne. Uzyskane wyniki porównano z wynikami obserwacji mikroskopowych oraz uśrednionymi teksturami tego typu materiałów.
EN
The main aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of applying the Electron Back Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) technique for microstructure observations in two-phase steel. Phase identification and local orientation measurements were done in two different austenite-ferrite steels with the use of EBSD. On the basic of the measured local orientation, the disorientation distributions as well as crystallographic textures were calculated. The obtained results were compared with ealier microscopic observations and textures measured in two-phase steels of this type.
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