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Anthropogenic and Climatic Causality of Changes in the Hydrological Regime of the Dnieper River

Pichura Vitalii Ivanovich, Potravka Larisa Aleksandrovna, Skrypchuk Petro Mikhalovich, Stratichuk Natalia Vladimirovna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 4

1--10

The intensive use of water resources and the transformation of natural landscapes under the influence of human economic activity have led to changes in the natural water balance of river drainage basins. The negative processes thereof are intensified by climatic changes that have significantly disturbed the hydrological regime, determined by changes in water content and river flow dynamics. The retrospective study and prediction of the flow of the Dnieper River was carried out using multivariate statistics and adaptive methods of nonlinear time series analysis. The anomalous features were identified and the main periods of changes in the water regime of the river for 190 years (1818–2008) were determined using the standard root-mean-square deviation and wavelet analysis. As a result of non-linear prediction, it was determined that if the tendency of anthropogenic and climatic formation of the water regime of the Dnieper River sustains, there is a 90% probability of insignificant but steady trend and cyclical reduction of the average annual flow by 1.6 m3/s per year to 1120 ± 270 m3/s by 2040. The results of the detailed retrospective analysis for 190 years and the prediction of the probability of changes in the flow of the Dnieper river confirm the previous conclusions of many scientists regarding the significant transformation of the ecosystem of the transboundary river and provide new knowledge regarding the main stages of formation of the water regime and the probability of further regulation of the flow of the Dnieper river if the current conditions of the negative impact of economic activities are maintained in the transboundary basin.

The Dnieper Cascade as part of International Waterway E40

Obodovskiy O. G., Mechkin K. R.

Geography and Tourism

2018

Vol. 6, No. 1

69--75

The Dnieper River has long played an important part in the development of local economy, including the transport sector. However, it was not until the construction of a cascade of hydroelectric power plants in the 20th century that it was possible to make extensive use of the river’s resources and to improve the navigation conditions. Water transport in Ukraine began to decline with the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the consequent political and economic transformations. Today, the depreciated infrastructure is one of the barriers to the development of inland water transport. However, the ongoing work to restore the Dnieper transport importance will enable Ukraine to take advantage of its geographical location that coincides with important trade routes connecting Europe with Asia. The purpose of this paper is to present the economic context of the Dnieper Cascade operation as well as its limiting and development factors by analysing literature resources, statistical data and legal documents.

Absolute chronology of fluvial events in the Upper Dnieper River system and its palaeogeographic implications

Panin A. V., Adamiec G., Arslanov K. A., Bronnikova M. A., Filippov V. V., Sheremetskaya E. D., Zaretskaya N. E., Zazovskaya E. P.

Geochronometria

2014

Vol. 41, no. 3

278--293

A set of 121 radiocarbon and OSL dates has been compiled from the Upper Dnieper River and tributary valleys, Western European Russia. Each date was attributed according to geomorphic/sedimentological events and classes of fluvial activity. Summed probability density functions for each class were used to establish phases of increasing and reducing fluvial activity. The oldest detected reduction of fluvial activity was probably due to glacial damming at LGM. Within the Holocene three palaeohydrological epochs of millennial-scale were found: (1) high activity at 12,000–8,000 cal BP marked by large river palaeochannels; (2) low activity at 8,000–3,000 cal BP marked by formation of zonal-type soils on -floodplains; short episodes of high floods occurred between 6,500—4,400 cal BP; (3) contrasting hydrological oscillations since 3,000 cal BP with periods of high floods between 3,000–2,300 (2,000) and 900–100 cal BP separated by long interval of low floods 2,300 (2,000)-900 cal BP when floodplains were not inundated — zonal-type soils were developing and permanent settlements existed on floodplains. In the last millennium, four centennial-scale intervals were found: high flooding intervals are mid-11–mid-15th century and mid-17–mid-20th century. Intervals of flood activity similar to the present-day were: mid-15–mid-17th century and since mid-19th century till present. In the context of palaeohydrological changes, discussed are selected palaeogeographic issues such as: position of the glacial boundary at LGM, role of changing amounts of river runoff in the Black Sea level changes, floodplain occupation by Early Medieval population.