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Polish DGPS System: 1995-2018 – studies of reference station operating zones

Specht C., Specht M., Dąbrowski P. S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2019

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Vol. 13, no. 3

581--586

EN

The operating zone of a radio navigation system is one of its main operating features. It determines the size of a water body in which the system can be used, while guaranteeing vessels’ navigation safety. The DGPS system in the LF/MF range is now the basic positioning system in coastal waters around the world, which guarantees not only metre positioning accuracy, but it is also the only one to provide navigators with signals on positioning reliability. This paper describes and summarises over twenty years of studies dealing with the operating zone of the Polish DGPS reference station network. This paper is the fifth in a series of publications whose aim was to present in detail the process of installation, testing and long-term evaluation of the navigational parameters of the Polish DGPS system, launched in 1995. This paper includes the theoretical foundations of determination of the Dziwnów and Rozewie DGPS reference station operating zones in the years 1995-2018. Moreover, it presents the measurement results for the signal levels and the results of their analyses, which determine the station operating zones.

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Evaluation of RTKLIB's Positioning Accuracy Usingn low-cost GNSS Receiver and ASG-EUPOS

Wiśniewski B., Bruniecki K., Moszyński M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 1

79--85

EN

The paper focuses on a comparison of different positioning methods provided by free and open source software (FOSS) package called RTKLIB. The RTKLIB supports real‐time and post‐processed positioning. The most important modes of operation tested by the authors are Kinematic, Static, Fixed and Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The data for evaluation were obtained from low‐cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The tested receiver was based on the u‐bloxʹs LEA‐6T GNSS module. This receiver provides different types of information including raw carrier phase measurements. It gives the possibility for centimeter‐level precision of positioning. As the supporting source of data ASG‐EUPOS system was used. ASG‐EUPOS is a Polish network of GNSS reference stations providing the real‐time corrections and post processing services for the entire territory of Poland.

3

Modernization of Maritime DGPS in Poland

Dziewicki M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 1

39--42

EN

Some new techniques and functionality adopted for modernization of national DGPS systems by maritime administrations in Europe are presented. Any solution adopted must meet international requirements: IMO standards and IALA e-NAV Committee recommendations. The results of DGPS Re-capitalization Meeting in Gdynia 2008 are presented. Modernization and re-engineering of maritime DGPS must take into account backward compatibility with existing onboard receivers as well as future trends towards e-Navigation. Operational and legal status of the Polish DGPS network is also mentioned in this context.

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Possibility of Precise Positioning and Precise Inshore Navigation Using RTK and Internet

Kujawa L., Rogowski J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 1

31--35

EN

The practical need for GNSS positioning in real time led to the development of a medium for data transmission. DGPS correction data can be transmitted over an area of several hundred square kilometers using longwave radio frequencies. The RTK technique needs greater radio line throughput capacity as well as shorter distances between ground based reference stations. The RTK data from the reference stations can be transmitted through the DARC system by local stations using UHF channels, but the local stations in Poland are not interested in the propagation of RTCM data. The authors present test results of RTK and DGPS measurements using data transmission by Internet and mobile phones. The rover user is equipped with a GPRS (General Packet Radio System) modem in a GSM phone, which is connected to a laptop computer or receiver controller with special RTCM Client software that receives the RTCM data stream from the server via the TCP/IP protocol and transmits it via the serial port to the rover GPS receiver. The new Polish EUPOS–ASGPL active control network allows the use of the RTK technique with a practical range of ten nautical mile in Poland’s inshore area.

5

DGNSS Re-Capitalization

Pattinson M., Dumville M., Ward N.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2007

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Vol. 1, no. 1

47--53

EN

The General Lighthouse Authorities (UK & Ireland) DGPS service came into operation in 1998. In common with other maritime DGPS services the equipment will need replacement over the next few years, in fact computing and communications equipment have already been replaced. Replacement of existing hardware with similar, dedicated Reference Stations and Integrity Monitors (RSIM) is the baseline option and will form a fallback plan if other options prove not to be feasible. However, the choice of suppliers is limited and once chosen, it would be difficult to diversify. Three other options can be identified: software RSIM, Virtual Reference Station (VRS) and integration with Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS). The software RSIM option draws on the experience of the United States Coast Guard. The VRS and SBAS integration options are treated as potential alternatives to an onsite hardware or software RSIM, but the possibilities of combining either or both with the software RSIM are also considered. All options took into account the need for validation of system performance. This paper draws conclusions about feasibility, performance, risks and costs of the different options and makes recommendations on the course to adopt.