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Machine learning prediction of future peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetics with percussion entropy and body mass indices

Xiao Ming-Xia, Lu Chang-Hua, Ta Na, Wei Hai-Cheng, Haryadi Bagus, Wu Hsien-Tsai

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2021

Vol. 41, no. 3

1140--1149

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical applications of body mass index (BMI) and a percussion-entropy-based index (PEINEW) for predicting the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in a group of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The study population comprised a sample of 90 subjects with diabetics (aged 37–86 years), who went through a blood test and photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement and were then followed for 5.5 years. Conventional parameters, including the small-scale multiscale entropy index (MEISS), pulse wave velocity with electrocardiogram located (PWVmean), and PEIoriginal, were computed and compared. A logistic regression model with PEINEW and a single categorical variable (BMI) showed a graded association between the diabetics, with a high BMI (i.e., ‘‘high” category) associated with a 12.53-fold greater risk of developing DPN relative to the diabetics with a low BMI (i.e., ‘‘low” category) (p = 0.001). The odds ratio for PEINEW was 0.893. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the diabetic patients with BMI ＞ 30 had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of PN on follow-up than those with BMI [...] 30 (log-rank test, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that BMI and PEINEW are both important risk and protective factors for new-onset DPN from diabetes mellitus and, thus, BMI and percussion entropy calculation can provide valid information that may help to identify diabetics with a high BMI and a low PEINEW as being at increased risk of future DPN.

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidative Degradation of L-Proline by Alkaline Diperiodatonickelate(IV)- A Free Radical Intervention and Decarboxylation

Mulla R., Gurubasavaraj H., Nandibewoor S.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2003

Vol. 77 / nr 12

1833-1840

The kinetics of oxidation of L-proline by diperiodatonickelate(IV) (DPN) in aqueous alkaline medium at a constant ionic strength of 0.50 mol dm-3 was studied spectrophotometrically. The reaction is of first order in [DPN], zero order in [alkali] and less than unit order in [L-proline]. Addition of periodate has no effect on the rate of reaction. Effect of added products, ionic strength and dielectric constant of the reaction medium have been investigated. The main products were identified by spot test and IR spectra.Amechanism involving the diperiodatonickelate(IV) (DPN) as the reactive species of the oxidant has been proposed. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to slow step of the mechanism are computed and discussed and thermodynamic quantities are also calculated. The isokinetic temperature was determined and discussed.