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Zastosowanie superkondensatorów w układzie odzysku energii pojazdu z napędem elektrycznym

Juda Z.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Mechanika

2008

R. 105, z. 6-M

191-199

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano koncepcję buforowego wtórnego źródła energii z wykorzystaniem baterii akumulatorów i superkondensatorów dla małego pojazdu elektrycznego zbudowanego na bazie wózka golfowego. Możliwości wtórnych źródeł do magazynowania energii są powiązane z ważnymi parametrami pojazdu, takimi jak: maksymalny zasięg pojazdu, zdolność do pokonywania wzniesień i przyspieszania. Zastosowanie superkondensatorów jako dodatkowego źródła energii umożliwia wydłużenie żywotności baterii akumulatorów z jednoczesnym zmniejszeniem kosztów eksploatacyjnych. Mikroprocesorowy sterownik i energoelektroniczne układy przetwarzania energii są niezbędne do uzyskania prawidłowej współpracy źródeł energii o różnych napięciach i prawidłowego zarządzania przekazywaniem energii.

The concept of double secondary energy source with storage batteries and supercapacitors for golf cart based small size electric vehicle is presented in the paper. Possibilities of secondary energy sources to store energy are connected with important vehicle parameters: maximum range, gradeability and acceleration ability. Use of supercapacitors as an additional secondary energy source enables storage battery life cycle improve and simultaneously decrease electric vehicles exploitation costs. The microcomputer controllers and power electronics devices are necessary for a proper storage battery and stack of supercapacitors cooperation and energy exchange management.

Possibilities of energy recovery in electric vehicles using ultracapacitors

Juda Z.

Journal of KONES

2006

Vol. 13, No. 2

187-195

The concept of double secondary energy source with batteries and ultracapacitors (UCAP’s) for golf cart based small size electric vehicle is presented in the paper. For short distance (neighbourhood) person transport in cultural, historical and natural heritage location such as places of tourist interest electrically driven vehicles, equipped with advanced energy storage and management devices could be used. The achievement of higher efficiency of energy conversion and energy exchange between different kinds of secondary energy sources is a very important way of hybrid and electric propulsion systems development. Each vehicle in order to move must produce tractive power on its wheels to counteract against the aerodynamic drag force, rolling resistance force and gravity forces during ascent. Moreover, during accelerating the vehicle must overcome inertia forces. Most of energy delivered to the system during accelerating is consequently lost irrecoverably during braking. Wherever the tractive power is produced by electric machines (in cases of FC vehicles, HEVs as well as EV), energy losses during braking can be reduced due to effective regeneration. Capabilities of secondary energy sources to store energy depend on important vehicle parameters: maximum range, grade ability and acceleration ability. These parameters affect life cycles of traditional secondary energy sources (electrochemical batteries). Use of UCAP’s enables improvement of battery life cycle and simultaneously a decrease in electric (EV) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) exploitation costs. The stack of UCAP’s is an ideal energy store for braking energy recuperation because of possibility to receive large portion of energy in short time without decreasing the operate parameters. Too high current in short time causes shortening of battery life cycle. The microcomputer controllers and power electronics devices are necessary for a proper battery and stack of UCAP’s cooperation and energy exchange management.