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1
Content available Dębnik and Paczółtowice “Marbles” in the architecture of Krakow
Makowska D.
Mining Science
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2015
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Vol. 22, Special Issue 2
79--92
EN
In the architecture of Krakow we can find many stones which were quarried mostly from de-posits situated not far from the town. They gave a unique image of present, visible elements in the architecture. Many artists used a marble as the building and decorative stone, in sculptures and sepulchral art. Since XIVth century one of the most popular types of stone, which have been applied in the architecture of Krakow, is the Dębnik “marble”. After polishing, it has a deep black colour and, together with Paczółtowice “marble” has been given the fantastic complement of decorative elements in the monu-ments. In the Krakow we can find a lot of places where both “marbles” have been applied as a decorative elements in the architecture. These stones were forming the cultural heritage of Cracow. Usually they are used in sacred architecture. Dębnik and Paczółtowice “marbles” have been applied in many places, for example at the St Mary's Church and at the Wawel Cathedral, as well at Collegium Maius, St Adalbert’s Church in Market Square or at St Peter and Paul’ Church.
2
Content available remote Paczółtowice - unique carboniferous "marble"
Makowska D.
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
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2014
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Vol. 40, no. 1
103
EN
The Paczółtowice "marble" is a unique Carboniferous limestone modified in the later Carboniferous-Permian times as a result of plutonic and tectonic activity that resulted in the rocks inhomogeneity. Three varieties of the Paczółtowice "marble" can be distinguished. The first and prettiest variety of the Paczółtowice "marble", called "polish onyx", is a multicolour, middling and thickly-crystalline calcite vein with thickness up to 20 m. It is probably Permian lateral secretion in the Carboniferous limestone, which was formed by the hydrothermal processes. Second variety is a multicolour Carboniferous limestone modified by warm, Fe-rich dilutions related to the volcanic activity known from the Dębnik anticline. It is represented by white, grey and reddish "marble" exhibiting unusual diffusion rings. The third variety is a calcareous breccia of this Carboniferous limestone joined together with multicoloured calcite. These limestones are called "marbles" because they show similar technical properties like marble sensu stricto. The Paczółtowice "marble" has favorable technical properties and significant parts of the deposit have a high decorative value. Hence, it was a valuable material used for many monuments. Most often, this colorful limestone was combined together with the Dębnik marble, which exhibits a deep black colour after polishing. Both marbles together give a fantastic contrast and wonderful decorative effect in the monuments. The Paczółtowice "marble" was discovered in the Paczółtowice village which is situated 6 km from Krzeszowice and occurs within the "Kraków Valleys" Landscape Park (southern Poland). This area is protected because of its valuable geology, fauna and flora. In such situation, there is a conflict between any desire to deposit development and the requirements of the protection of nature and landscape. The peculiarity of this "marble" tends to maintain deposits in the balance sheet as a reserve of raw material for a small retrieval, mainly for reconstruction of existing monuments. Exploitation of the "marble" could be possible in parts of the deposit, but appropriate environmental and landscape rigors must be respected. The quarry face could expose the details of the geological structure of the site. After finishing exploitation, a quarry would improve its landscape value and become a fantastic geotouristic attraction.
3
Content available Early Carboniferous trilobite remains from limestones of the Dębnik Anticline, southern Poland
Bąk M., Dulemba P., Bąk K.
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
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2014
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Vol. 40, no. 1
27--32
EN
The presence of proetid trilobites' remnants is reported for the first time from the Lower Carboniferous limestones of the Dębnik Anticline outcropping in the Raclawka Valley, situated in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Block (southern part of the Cracow Upland). Disintegrated exoskeletons of trilobites are observed in thin sections of fine-grained, peloidal wackstones and packstones. These rocks contain also foraminifers which indicate an early Tournaisian age for this locality.
4
Content available remote New tabulature corals from the Tournaisian of the Cracow area, Poland
Zapalski M.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2002
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Vol. 52, nr 4
497-500
EN
The paper presents the results of investigation of tabulate corals from the Lower Carboniferous (Upper Tournaisian, Gnathodus cuneiformis Zone) from several exposures in the Dębnik Anticline (Silesia-Cracow Upland, sothern Poland). Two taxa representing the Favositida, Roemeripora nowinskii sp. nov. and Roemeripora sp., and one species representing the Syringoporida, Pleurosiphonella cf. virginica (NELSON), are described. The presence of Michelinia tenuisepta (PHILLIPS) is noted. The genus Pleurosiphonella TCHUDINOVA is recognised in the Carboniferous of Europe for the first time.
5
Content available New tabulate coral from the Tournaisian of the Dębnik Anticline, Poland
Nowiński A., Zapalski M.K.
Kwartalnik Geologiczny
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1999
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Vol. 43, Nr 4
547-552
EN
Verolites polonicus sp.n. (Tabulata, Syringoporida) from the Lower Carboniferous (Upper Tournaisian, Lower Caninia - C1) of the Silesia-Cracow Upland (Dębnik Anticline, Czatkowice quarry) is described and illustrated. This is the third species of the poorly known genus Verolites Tchudinova. The new species differs from the type species (V. rarus Tchudinova) in subcerioidal structure of corallum composed of prismatic corallites with smaller and undifferentiated diameters, greater number of connecting pores of smaller diameters, very rare connecting tubes, lack of connecting platforms, and more strongly developed spines on tabulae.
PL
Opisano i zilustrowano Verolites polonicus sp.n. (Tabulata Syringoporida) z dolnego karbonu Wyżyny Śląsko-Krakowskiej (antyklina Dębnika, kamieniołom Czatkowice). Jest ot trzeci gatunek mało poznanego rodzaju Verolities Tchudinova. Nowy gatunek różni się od gatunku typowego (V.rarus Tchudinova) subcerioidalną strukturą corallum złożonego z pryzmatycznych koralitów o mniejszych i niezróżnicowanych średnicach, liczniejszymi porami łączącymi o mniejszych średnicach, bardzo rzadkimi rurkami łączącymi, brakiem platform łączących i silniej rozwiniętymi kolcami na denkach.
6
Content available remote Przeobrażenia kontaktowe węglanowych skał dewonu w okolicach Dubia koło Krakowa
Muszyński M., Wyszomirski P.
Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
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1998
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T. 24, z. 3
199-217
PL
Praca podsumowuje wyniki dotychczasowych badań utworów aureoli kontaktowej w antyklinie Dębnika koło Krakowa, rozwiniętych w paleozoicznych skałach węglanowych (głównie dolomity dewonu), wokół subwulkanicznej intruzji porfiru ryodacytowego (rys. 1, 2). Efektem przeobrażeń typu metamorfizmu kontaktowo-hydrotermalnego i metasomatozy są marmury kalcytowo (+/- dolomit)-brucytowo-serpentynowe (lizardyt), z rzadkimi minerałami grupy hydrotalkitu, oraz śladowo skarny magnezowe. Utworom tym towarzyszą liczne żyły mineralne. Przeobrażenia musiały zachodzić w układzie otwartym, a ich temperatura, jak i tworzenia się żył mineralnych, była w przewadze niższa od około 500 stopni Celsjusza
EN
The paper summarises results of investigations of the contact aureole in the Dębnik anticline near Cracow. The aureole developed in Palaeozoic carbonate rocks (mainly Devonian dolostones) in the vicinity of a subvolcanic intrusion of rhyodacitic porphyry (Figs 1, 2). The effects of alterations (contact-hydrothermal metamorphism and metasomatosis) include calcite (+/- dolomite)-brucite-serpentine (=lizardite) marbles with rare minerals of the hydrotalcite group, and traces of magnesium skarns. The rocks are accompanied by numerous mineral veins. The alterations must have taken place in an open system, and the temperatures of their formation, likewise the temperatures of origin of the mineral veins, were mostly below 500 degrees of Celsius
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