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1

Cost analysis of water charge rates in the Czech Republic - Case study

Oblouková Aneta, Vítková Eva

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2024

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Vol. 33, No. 1

33--52

EN

The article was conceived as an initial insight into the issues related to the representation of individual type costs (e.g. material, labor costs, property depreciation, etc.) in the price of water in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article was to point out the possibility of dependence between the size of the company operating the infrastructural property of water supply and sewerage and the representation of individual costs in the water price within the framework of the case study. As a sample that formed the outputs of the case study, 14 companies were taken, which were selected according to the unified regions of the Czech Republic. Both basic mathematical methods and elementary methods used in financial analysis were used in the analysis. Within the scope of the case study, it can be stated that there is no dependence between the size of the companies and the representation of costs. Among the largest costs from the point of view of financial representation are other direct costs, where the costs of depreciation, property repairs, rental property, as well as wage costs and material costs are mainly represented. Insignificant costs include, for example, energy costs, which are only represented in the range of 1.39–5.70% of the total costs. Therefore, in order for the results included in the case study to be considered statistically relevant, it is necessary to expand the sample and confirm or refute the initial findings published in this article.

2

Chinese FDI in Poland and the Czech republic – inflows, determinants and challenges

Łukaniszyn-Domaszewska Katarzyna, Mazur-Włodarczyk Katarzyna, Karaś Elżbieta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

283--300

EN

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to present Chinese investment flows and the nature of participation, to analyze the differences between host countries, and to identify the determinants of Chinese FDI in Poland and the Czech Republic. Design/methodology/approach: Comparison of the specifics of Chinese direct investments in Poland and the Czech Republic. Findings: The nature of Chinese investment in Europe is changing. After years of being dominated by mergers and acquisitions, Chinese investment in Europe is now more focused on greenfield projects. In 2021, greenfield investments reached €3.3 billion, the highest ever recorded, and accounted for nearly one- third of all Chinese FDI. More recently, the volume of Chinese FDI in Europe has reached the level of European FDI in China (now constrained by restrictions and risks). It matched the level of FDI by Chinese companies in the United States before declining over the past two years, generally due to Covid-19 and the war in Ukraine. Chinese economic presence in Europe can be divided into three areas based on size, destination, and type of acquisition: The core of Europe is formed by the three major target countries (Germany, UK, France), where more capital-intensive investments are made, followed by other Western European countries (EU-15). The new member states (NMS), which joined the EU in 2004, 2007 and 2013, as well as the Western Balkan countries in the process of accession, are associated with China in the 16+1 format (with the exception of Kosovo) and form another gateway to Europe. Due to fewer market opportunities, they receive less direct investment, but China is building infrastructure (ports, highways, railroads) - segments of the Silk Road that will bring Chinese products to mature EU markets (Richtet, 2019). It is unlikely that Chinese investment in Europe will recover in 2023. The Chinese government is expected to maintain strict capital controls, financial retrenchment, and Covid-19 restrictions. The war in Ukraine and the expansion of regulations to monitor and control Chinese investments in the EU and the UK will cause additional difficulties. Originality/value: The article could be an attempt to answer the question of combining macroeconomic and institutional factors to better understand the internationalization of firms (Dunning, Lundan, 2008). There is no doubt, that the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine made it necessary to deepen the study of the phenomenon of FDI, its inflows, determinants, and related challenges in a turbulent world.

3

Methods of landfill gas management. The Czech Republic case study

Nová Károlina Jindřiška, Král Jakub, Kolář Jan

Environment Protection Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 49, nr 1

73--85

EN

The European legislation sets targets for ending municipal waste to landfill. Despite this Europe-wide trend, almost half of the municipal waste generated in the Czech Republic has been landfilled in recent years. The composition of municipal waste, in particular the high content of biodegradable material, is the reason for landfill gas production. The management of landfill gas is one of the crucial elements of environmental protection in the landfilling process. The article focuses on the comparison of possible ways of landfill gas management at selected landfills in the Czech Republic.

4

Environmental responsibility of corporate management in the Visegrad region – comparative study of the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia

Kozáková Jana, Skýpalová Renata, Pieńkowski Dariusz

Economics and Environment

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2023

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No. 4

1--25

EN

The article presents a comprehensive investigation into the prioritisation of environment-oriented Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities among companies within the Visegrad region, encompassing the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia. An online questionnaire featuring Likert scale questions was used to collect data from November 2022 to June 2023 on the emphasis placed on 11 distinct environment-oriented CSR activities. Analytical methods covered descriptive and inferential analyses. The study contributes original insights by focusing on the Visegrad region's corporate engagement in environmental CSR activities. The findings reveal significant disparities between countries, particularly in the domains of eco-friendly transportation solutions and investments in green technologies for environmental progress. Statistically significant differences were observed between the Czech Republic and Poland, as well as between Poland and Slovakia, there by shedding light on the diverse CSR orientations and priorities within this geographic context. These findings underscore the importance of tailored CSR strategies within the Visegrad region's corporate landscape to address environmental challenges effectively.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia kompleksowe badanie priorytetyzacji działań z zakresu społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu (CSR) zorientowanych na środowisko wśród firm w regionie wyszehradzkim, obejmującym Republikę Czeską, Polskę i Słowację. Kwestionariusz online zawierający pytania w skali Likerta został wykorzystany do zebrania danych od listopada 2022 r. do czerwca 2023 r. na temat nacisku kładzionego na 11 różnych działań CSR zorientowanych na środowisko. Metody analityczne obejmowały analizy opisowe i inferencyjne. Badanie wnosi oryginalne spostrzeżenia, koncentrując się na zaangażowaniu przedsiębiorstw z regionu wyszehradzkiego w działania CSR na rzecz środowiska. Wyniki badania ujawniają znaczące rozbieżności między krajami, szczególnie w dziedzinie ekologicznych rozwiązań transportowych i inwestycji w zielone technologie na rzecz postępu środowiskowego. Statystycznie istotne różnice zaobserwowano między Republiką Czeską a Polską, a także między Polską a Słowacją, co rzuca światło na różne kierunki i priorytety CSR w tym kontekście geograficznym. Wyniki te podkreślają znaczenie wypracowanych strategii CSR w ramach korporacyjnego krajobrazu regionu wyszehradzkiego w celu skutecznego sprostania wyzwaniom środowiskowym.

5

Analysis of Covid restrictions’ influence on road traffic crashes and related road users’ behaviour in the Czech Republic

Bucsuházy Kateřina, Zůvala Robert, Ambros Jiří

Archives of Transport

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2023

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Vol. 66, iss. 2

109--121

EN

The Covid pandemic and following restrictions worldwide influence various aspects -lockdown does not only have economic consequences but is also associated with a change in population mobility. As well as the spread of a pandemic and the associated numbers of infections and deaths, policy responses and restrictions have also varied from country to country. Despite all the negative impacts of the Covid pandemic, the decrease in crash-related injuries may be seen as one of the positive impacts of lockdown politics. The change in crash characteristics during the Covid lockdown may provide new insights and help design countermeasures for road safety improvement. It is not sufficient to generalize findings across individual countries, there were different trends in crash frequency and severity during the Covid lockdown The main purpose of this study was to investigate the Covid restriction's impact on road safety in the Czech Republic. The retrospective analysis was performed using data the Police crash statistics. In addition to data from the main Covid periods (2020 and 5 months of 2021 data), crash data from 2016-2019 as the period unaffected by the Covid pandemic, were used as a control group. The study focused not only on the overall crash frequency but also on the analysis of the crash frequency according to the individual crash participants. Crash data did not indicate significant changes in risky behaviour. The mobility decrease was associated with decreased crash frequency, especially of vehicles and pedestrians. The crash numbers also reflect changes in how people spend time, respectively an increase in leisure time activities in some age groups and a change in usage of transport modes. Two-wheeled vehicle users (cyclists, motorcyclists) crash frequency was more influenced by seasonality. While the crash frequency of vehicles (personal vehicles and HGVs) and pedestrians was better correlated with mobility data, the cyclists and motorcyclists crash frequency were better correlated with temperature.

6

Determination of the extent of damage and calculation of the indemnity in case of natural disaster - tornado in South Moravia

Mikulík Michal, Hanák Tomáš, Sokol Patrik, Výskala Miroslav

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 69, nr 1

645--660

EN

In June 2021, a tornado struck a large area in southern Moravia, causing extensive damage to property owned by individuals and legal entities. A need thus arose to speed up the process of estimating the amount of insurance indemnity. This process involved local inspections and subsequent assessment of quotations from construction companies for repairs, as the adjusters did not have the time and resources to estimate the amount of damage using the usual method, i.e. an itemised budget containing a list of works, supplies and services necessary to restore a structure to its original condition based on an on-site inspection. This article contains a retrospective analysis of the accepted quotations and evaluates differences in terms of scope and price compared to the standard procedure. Four apartment buildings were selected for assessment of the insulation and roof repairs. The results show that there are clear discrepancies between the price as determined by the itemised budget using the usual prices and the construction companies’ quotations. The analysis of the selected buildings has indicated that the quotations can by no means be accepted without first establishing the total damage and its actual scope. Major damage caused by a natural disaster will still have to be estimated on the basis of a personal inspection of the damaged property and preparation of an itemised budget created in line with the applicable pricing system.

7

Reconstruction of modernist railway buildings: the example of Havířov station

Guzdek Adam

Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie

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2022

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T. 50

377--389

EN

The article presents a reflection on the loss of historical and cultural heritage caused by the pursuit of energy efficiency reduction of buildings. The paper will present the post-war construction development in the Ostrava region, especially the completion of the railway network with the implementation of new railway stations. It is these stations, whose architecture refers to the success of the Czechoslovak Expo 58 pavilion in Brussels, that have faced increased interest in the last few years from conservators seeking to preserve these cultural assets for future generations. The author illustrates this with the example of the inappropriate reconstruction of the railway station in Havířov. The scientific method used is mainly the communication of the author’s own activist experience in saving the railway station from demolition and his own observations during the recent reconstruction of this object. The response to the activities of the Důl architektury association was very topical at the time and led to the production of a documentary by Czech Television titled Requiem for the Station (Hollander, 2015) from the series My Private War.

PL

Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest refleksja na temat utraty historycznego i kulturowego dziedzictwa spowodowanej przez dążenie do zwiększania efektywności energetycznej budynków. W artykule zostaną przedstawione powojenne inwestycje w regionie Ostrawy, zwłaszcza ukończenie sieci kolejowej i realizacja nowych stacji kolejowych. Te właśnie stacje, których architektura nawiązuje do sukcesu czechosłowackiego pawilonu przygotowanego na Expo ’58 w Brukseli, od kilku lat cieszyły się rosnącym zainteresowaniem wśród konserwatorów, chcących zachować ich walory kulturowe dla przyszłych pokoleń. Autor ilustruje kwestię utraty tych walorów na przykładzie niewłaściwej przebudowy stacji kolejowej w Hawierzowie. Metoda badawcza wykorzystana w artykule to głównie przedstawienie doświadczeń autora jako aktywisty zaangażowanego w ratowanie stacji kolejowej przed rozbiórką oraz własnych obserwacji podczas niedawnej przebudowy tego obiektu. Odpowiedź na działalność stowarzyszenia Důl architektury była wówczas bardzo żywa i doprowadziła do wyprodukowania przez Telewizję Czeską filmu dokumentalnego zatytułowanego Requiem dla dworca (Hollander, 2015) z serii Moja prywatna wojna.

8

Convective environment and development of a tornadic supercell in the Czech Republic on 24 June 2021

Sulik Sławomir

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2022

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Vol. 10, Iss. 1

60--72

EN

This study documents the atmospheric conditions and the development of a tornadic supercell in the Czech Republic, which occurred on the early evening on 24 June 2021. I used the data from the ERA5-reanalysis, vertical atmospheric sounding, synoptic map, and a Sentinel-2 satellite image to determinate the tornado route. As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the development of this tornadic supercell was caused by high CAPE values, amounting to around 5,000 J·kg-1, 0-6 km AGL wind shear 30 m·s-1, storm-relative helicity with values of 150 m2·s-2 and a wavy atmospheric front. The tornado occurred around 19:30 local time (1730 UTC) in the town Hrušky and moved north-east, reaching the town Hodonín. Based on satellite image derived from Sentinel-2, the widest point of the tornado reached 70 meters; it traveled a distance of about 20 kilometers and had a force of EF3/T5 on the Fujita/TORRO scale. As a result of this event, 6 people lost their lives, 200 people were seriously injured, and hundreds of buildings and cars were destroyed. Further studies on strong thunderstorm incidents in Europe are necessary for their better understanding and prediction.

9

Accident costs on the railway network in the Czech national conditions

Funk Tomáš, Hromádka Vít, Korytárová Jana, Vítková Eva

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 68, nr 1

579--593

EN

The issue of assessing socio-economic impacts represent a key element of the decision-making process on the implementation of major public investment projects. The correctness of the decision depends both on the chosen principle of the socio-economic analysis and the input data. The presented article focuses on updating selected input values for the socio-economic assessment of railway infrastructure projects. Specifically, the simplified values of the estimated rail accidents costs. Accident costs are used for considering the change in the safety. At present, these values, which are also stated in the national methodological resources, are based on statistical data of the entire European Union and thus do not reflect the possible national specifics of projects implemented in the territory of individual Member States. The principle of updating values is from a methodological point of view based on the original calculation principles, however, involves a set of information items on the occurrences that emerged in the past in a specific area. The output of the article is a set of methodological steps considering national conditions when determining the average accident costs, subsequently verified on a case study of the railway network in the Czech Republic. The outputs of the presented article directly build on the results of the research project in which the team of article authors has been involved. The research results refer to different values of accident costs uniformly determined for the entire European Union territory and those determined individually for the conditions of the railway infrastructure in the Czech Republic.

10

Commentary: The Czech Approach to Supply Chain Security in ICT

Netolická Veronika

Applied Cybersecurity & Internet Governance

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2022

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Vol. 1, No. 1

1--6

EN

Supply chain security is one of the challenges many countries are currently addressing. As this topic is a national security prerogative, the systems for screening also vary. The Czech Republic is preparing a legislative framework to protect strategically important infrastructure from high-risk suppliers. This commentary focuses on the Czech Republic’s progress in this area, particularly in the European context.

11

The Impact of a forest fire event on moth assemblages in Western Bohemia, Czech Republic

Walter Jan, Sucháčková Bartoňová Alena, Faltýnek Fric Zdeněk

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 3-4

156--171

EN

Fire has major impact on species diversity in natural ecosystems around the world. The consequences of fires for invertebrates can be immediate, and recovery of species assemblages may be a long-term process. We recorded moth communities from May to November 2019 in a pine forest in Western Bohemia, Czech Republic, where a local fire occurred in April of that year. We used UV light traps at one burned site and two neighboring unburned sites with a similar character as the burned site before the fire event. We analyzed moth assemblages using several species diversity indices – index of dominance, Shannon-Wiener index and Shannon-Wiener evenness, Simpson index, and Chao1 nonparametric estimation. We detected 67 species at the burned site, and 97 and 106 at the unburned sites. The three most frequently trapped species at all sites were Macaria liturata, Buphalus piniaria and Thera obeliscata, representing common forest geometrid moths. We observed a decline in species number and abundance at the burned site compared to the unburned sites, probably due to the direct mortality of larvae. On the contrary, the burned site was more diverse according to the diversity indices. The fire disrupted the original character of the coniferous forest, which was proved by a decline of species feeding on conifers and Vaccinium spp. The burned site attracted species associated with dry habitats such as Eublemma purpurina, Charissa obscurata and Scopula rubiginata. Even though wildfires are viewed negatively in general, they might temporarily enhance diversity in a homogeneous landscape.

12

Key Financial Indicators by the Size of the Construction Company - Czech Study

Vitkova Eva, Kocourkova Gabriela

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2021

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Vol. 31, no. 2

85--104

EN

Statistical data on the values of financial indicators in individual fields in the Czech Republic are provided by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Updated values are issued quarterly. However, within the statistical samples, there are on average 34 companies focusing on construction. Moreover, no document specifies the size of the companies. Although the scientific literature provides basic financial rules, this research has confirmed that companies of different sizes show different values of financial indicators. For this reason, one of the aims of the research described in the article was to verify the hypothesis that companies of different sizes have different approaches to financial management and the other aims was to focus on correlating data on key financial indicators of individual sizes of companies with statistics provided by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. Basic methods of financial analysis (vertical analysis), selected ratios and basic statistical methods, which include correlation analysis, were used. The analysis was performed on 30 samples of construction companies, which were divided by size into small, medium and large. The outputs of the research will be further used for the follow up research.

13

Medieval fortifications of Czech towns

Chorowska Małgorzata

Architectus

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2021

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Nr 1 (65)

95--97

EN

The review contains the discussion on the monumental catalog of medieval fortifications of cities and towns in the present-day Czech Republic by Vladislav Razím. The catalog has been published in parts by Národní Památkový Ústav in Prague since 2019. So far, parts two and three were published, which are devoted respectively to: part 2, in two volumes – to cities from the historic territory of Bohemia and Moravia, and part 3 – to the Czech part of Silesia. The first part – interpretative, will be a synthesis of the issues of urban medieval defensive architecture. Noteworthy are both the volume of the work, which includes a total of 260 catalog entries, as well as the capacity and length of the texts of individual entries, richly illustrated with the material from historical and architectural research – inventory, iconographic, and photographic. What is most important is the methodology of the research conducted, which was consistently applied in all of the developed defense objects, guaranteeing an in-depth recognition of their ori-gins, architectural changes, functions, and spatial context. Summing up, it can be said that the literature on medieval Czech defense architecture has been enriched with an exceptionally valuable position.

PL

W recenzji omówiono monumentalny katalog obwarowań średniowiecznych miast i miasteczek z terenu obecnej Republiki Czeskiej, autorstwa Vladislava Razíma, wydawany od 2019 r. przez Národní Památkový Ústav w Pradze. Dotychczas ukazały się część druga i trzecia, poświęcone odpowiednio: część 2, w dwóch tomach – miastom z terenu historycznych Czech i Moraw, a część 3 – czeskiej części Śląska. Pierwsza część – interpretacyjna – będzie stanowić syntezę zagadnień miejskiej średniowiecznej architektury obronnej. Na uwagę zasługują zarówno objętość pracy obejmującej w sumie 260 haseł katalogowych, jak i pojemność oraz długość tekstów poszczególnych haseł, bogato zilustrowanych materiałem pochodzącym z badań historyczno-architektonicznych – inwentaryzacyjnym, ikonograficznym i fotograficznym. To, co najważniejsze, to metodyka przeprowadzonych badań, konsekwentnie zastosowana we wszystkich opracowywanych obiektach obronnych, dająca gwarancję dogłębnego rozpoznania ich metryki, przemian architektonicznych, funkcji i kontekstu przestrzennego. Podsumowując, można powiedzieć, że literatura poświęcona średniowiecznej architekturze obronnej Czech została wzbogacona o wyjątkowo cenną pozycję.

14

W przestworzach rewitalizacji

Gierko Aleksandra

Zieleń Miejska

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2020

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Nr 6

44--45

PL

Likwidacja dawnej fabryki Walter Motors w czeskiej Pradze stała się przyczynkiem do powstania osiedla mieszkaniowo-usługowego. Waltrovka - nowa część dzielnicy Jinonice - powstała w miejscu terenów przemysłowych.

15

Cost development in logistics due to Industry 4.0

Čámská Dagmar, Klečka Jiří

LogForum

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2020

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Vol. 16, no. 2

219--227

EN

Background: This paper is focused on the development of costs and their structure in logistics companies. Industry 4.0 should trigger significant changes in technologies, business or society where logistics as an area of entrepreneur activity is no exception. Some areas of logistics as storage and warehousing should be even pioneers. It is supposed that human labor has been/will be substituted by other production factors. This substitution should influence economic variables of companies and their overall performance. Challenges of Industry 4.0 will not only be exposed to companies but also to government. It is necessary to monitor the environment and describe changes. Methods: Using published corporate financial statements the analysis is based on ratio analysis which describes cost structure and time series which show cost development on the level of individual companies operating in logistics. There are analyzed especially analytical indicators of selected cost items in terms of ratios, indicators of total costs and profitability. Results: The computed cost structure and development were summarized and evaluated by descriptive statistics. Conclusions: The obtained results show if and how significant there have been any changes in the level and structure of costs and profitability of logistics companies. Coming Industry 4.0 will have serious impact on business, government and individuals. This paper proves if the initiative Industry 4.0 can be already visible on the corporate data and results.

PL

Wstęp: W pracy poruszane jest zagadnienie rozwoju kosztów oraz ich struktury w przedsiębiorstwach logistycznych. Wdrożenie Industry 4.0 pociąga za sobą istotne zmiany w technologiach, biznesie oraz środowisku dla wszystkich rodzajów firm, w tym również logistycznych. Niektóre obszary logistyki jak magazynowanie powinny być nawet pionierami we wdrażaniu Industry 4.0. Ma to bezpośredni wpływ na zmienne ekonomiczne i ich ogólną kondycję. Wyzwania, jakie stawia Industry 4.0 dotyczą nie tylko firm ale również dla rządu. Niezbędne jest monitorowanie środowiska oraz opis zachodzących zmian. Metody: Dane do analizy pochodzą z publikowanych zeznań finansowych korporacji. Sama analiza opiera się na analizie porównawczej tych sprawozdań, opisujących strukturę kosztów oraz rozwój kosztów na poziomie indywidualnych przedsiębiorstw działających w branży logistycznej. Szczególnej analizie poddano wskaźniki analitycznej wybranych pozycji kosztowych, jak również dokonano analizy całości kosztów i zyskowności. Wyniki: Uzyskana struktura kosztów została podsumowana i oszacowana statystyką opisową. Wnioski: Uzyskane wyniki wskazują czy i jak istotne są zmiany w poziomie i strukturze kosztów oraz zyskowności przedsiębiorstw logistycznych. Nadchodzący Industry 4.0 będzie miał poważny wpływ na biznes, zarówno na poziomie rządu jak i poszczególnych przedsiębiorstw. W pracy udowodniono, że inicjację Industry 4.0 można już zauważyć w wynikach firm.

16

Monitoring of basic physicochemical parameters in the flow and their possible influence on the quality of the small water source

Oppeltová Petra, Boráková Jana

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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no. 44

106--117

EN

The ground source of drinking water for the village of Skalice nad Svitavou is located 35 km North of Brno (Czech Republic). An evaluation of developments in selected indicators of water quality in this groundwater source in the period 2013–2017 was the essence of this work. The data was provided by Vodárenská akciová společnost, a.s., i.e. the operator. At the same time, annual monitoring of water quality in the Úmoří stream, which flows through the catchment area and can affect the quality of groundwater, was carried out. Water samples were collected in 2017–2018 from 6 profiles on the Úmoří stream and its two tributaries. Raw water from the groundwater source does not meet the requirements for drinking water in some indicators and needs to be treated. Monitoring of surface water shows that the most problematic indicator is total phosphorus, the concentration of which exceeded limit values on all sampling profiles. The highest values were found in the tributaries, where total phosphorus concentrations exceeded 10 mg∙dm–3. There are 12 municipalities in the area of interest, only two of which have their own sewage treatment plant. It is clear from the results that wastewater in some municipalities is discharged directly into the recipient and is the cause of above-limit concentrations of both phosphorus and nitrogen. Intensively used agricultural land is another major source of pollution. Based on an analysis of sources of pollution, corrective measures have been proposed to improve the quality of surface and groundwater in the area.

17

Municipal solid waste management systems in Poland and the Czech Republic. A comparative study

Jakubus Monika, Stejskal Bohdan

Environment Protection Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 46, nr 3

61--78

EN

The work provides an overview of methods of waste collection and treatment in Poland and the Czech Republic. Differences ( in contrast to Poland, MBT technology is not used in the Czech Republic and only one incineration plant works) and similarities (similar share of waste management methods, the comparable mass of generated municipal solid waste per capita and similarly low sorting rate) between both countries have been indicated focusing on various fractions of municipal solid wastes as well as the dominant system of their management. SWOT analysis focused on the municipal solid waste management of both countries has been created. In Poland, the proportion between small amounts of waste collected selectively and the mass of waste sent to landfills is not satisfactory. In the Czech Republic, lots of municipal solid waste is deposited in landfills.

18

Komunikacja odpowiedzialności społecznej przez firmy chemiczne na portalach społecznościowych w Republice Czeskiej

Tetrevova Libena, Hozak Miroslav

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2019

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T. 98, nr 5

767--770

PL

Oceniano intensywność i strukturę komunikacji społecznie odpowiedzialnych działań podejmowanych przez firmy chemiczne działające w Republice Czeskiej na portalach społecznościowych Facebook i LinkedIn. Uwaga przedsiębiorstw koncentrowała się głównie na komunikacji dotyczącej działań z zakresu odpowiedzialności filantropijnej (Facebook) i ekonomicznej (LinkedIn). Najsłabsza była komunikacja o działaniach z zakresu odpowiedzialności etycznej.

EN

Intensity and structure of communication of socially responsible activities by chem. companies operating in the Czech Republic on the social Facebook and LinkedIn networks were evaluated. Attention of the companies was primarily focused on the communication of philanthropic responsibility activities (Facebook) and economic ones (LinkedIn). Ethical responsibility activities were communicated to the least extent.

19

Analysis of tram authorization process in the Czech Republic

Smoczyński Piotr, Motyl Mateusz

Pojazdy Szynowe

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2019

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Nr 1

10--18

EN

The analysis presented in the paper has been carried out based on binding legal regulations (i.e. ordinances and other legal acts) and the documents actually used in the authorization process of new types of urban rail vehicles at the area of the Czech Republic. Particular emphasis has been put on presentation of the methods and guidelines for the tests related to driving safety, comfort, ride quality, noise, pantographs and other properties and components affecting the driving safety.

PL

Przedstawiona w artykule analiza została przeprowadzona na podstawie obowiązujących przepisów prawnych (rozporządzeń i innych aktów prawnych) oraz faktycznie stosowanych dokumentach w procesie dopuszczenia do eksploatacji nowych typów miejskich pojazdów szynowych na terytorium Republiki Czeskiej. Szczególny nacisk położono na przedstawienie metodyki oraz wytycznych do badania w zakresie: bezpieczeństwa jazdy, komfortu, spokojności biegu, hałasu, odbieraków prądu oraz pozostałych właściwości i elementów mających wpływ na bezpieczeństwo jazdy.

20

Changes in the Use of Agricultural Land in Poland and Czech Republic

Stacherzak Agnieszka, Hájek Ladislav, Hełdak Maria

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 7

211--221

EN

This article raises the issue of changes in the structure of agricultural land use in Poland and the Czech Republic since the accession of both countries into the structures of the European Union. An important question raised in this article is the analysis of changes in the area structure of agricultural holdings according to the adopted agricultural land groups. The analyses were based on the graphic method of analysing the concentration strength, i.e. the Lorenz curve, to determine the distribution of the number and surface area of agricultural farms in the given area groups and the percentage share of such farms in these area groups. Additionally, the Gini coefficient was calculated for the same phenomena, to measure the concentration (inequality) of the random variable distribution. The research showed the structural change trends in the agricultural area of the analysed countries as well as varied structural situation of agricultural holdings during the accession period. The condition translates into a slower pace of structural change of agricultural holdings in Poland and a faster process of enlarging the area of agricultural holdings in the Czech Republic.